高中語法專練：ii. 名詞作主語

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2020年09月14日

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ii. 名詞作主語

1. 形式是單數(shù)，意義是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：people, cattle, poultry, police, youth等。

The police are searching for the robber.

警察們正在搜尋那個(gè)搶劫犯。

2. 單復(fù)同形的集體名詞作主語，如：group, class, team, family, nation, population, public, party, crew, company, union, staff, couple, committee, crowd, firm, orchestra等，根據(jù)意義一致原則決定謂語的數(shù)。

My family is a large one .

我的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。

The Chinese people are a great people.

中國(guó)人民是個(gè)偉大的民族。

My class are all fond of singing.

我班都喜歡唱歌。

3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics, optics等表示語言或?qū)W科的單詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用作單數(shù)。

Chinese is a difficult language.

漢語是一種難學(xué)語言。

注意： Chinese, Japanese, French, English表示某國(guó)人時(shí)，根據(jù)意義一致原則決定謂語的數(shù)。

The French are famous for their good wines.

法國(guó)人以他們的好葡萄酒而出名。

A Japanese has just come for help.

一個(gè)日本人剛才來求救。

4. works（工廠），means（方法），series（系列），deer（鹿），sheep（綿羊）根據(jù)所暗示的數(shù)來決定謂語的數(shù)。

Such means are unsuitable.

這樣的方法不合適。（means與all, such, these, those等詞連用，則意義為復(fù)數(shù)。）

A means to solve the problem is found.

一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問題的方法已經(jīng)找到了。（means與a, such a, this, that, every等詞連用，則意義為單數(shù)。）

There is an iron and steel works in my hometown.

我的家鄉(xiāng)有一家鋼鐵廠。

5. 以-s結(jié)尾的表示由成對(duì)部分組成的物體的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如trousers, glasses, scissors, pants等。如果這些詞由a pair of, a couple of連用，動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與pair, couple的數(shù)保持一致。

Your glasses are broken.

你的眼鏡破了。

One pair of trousers isn't enough.

一條褲子是不夠的。

Three couples of books are on the desk.

有6本書在課桌上。

6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs , taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings作復(fù)數(shù)用，其后面的謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。

Goods are sold out.

貨物已被賣出。

His wages are more than 600 yuan a month.

他的工資是每月六百元。

My earnings this year are not half of yours.