高中語法專練：vii. 動名詞需要注意的問題

vii. 動名詞需要注意的問題

1. need, want, deserve, repay, require, bear, take, stand等表示“需要，值得，忍受，經(jīng)受” 等動詞后，動名詞常用主動式表示被動意義。

That needs explaining .

那需要解釋。

The situation requires careful handling .

情況需要認真處理。

Your hair wants cutting.

你的頭發(fā)需要理。

Her words won't bear repeating .

她的話重復(fù)不得。

The book repays reading and re-reading .

這本書值得一讀再讀。

English is worth learning well.

英語值得學(xué)好。

上述幾個動詞，除了bear, take, stand外，都可用不定式被動式，意義不變。

The poor old man deserves to be looked after.

這個貧窮的老人值得照料。

The windows need to be cleaned.

窗戶需要擦干凈。

2. be worth doing, be worthy of being done= be worthy to be done表示被動意義。

English is worth learning .

＝　English is worthy of being learned .

= English is worthy to be learned .

英語值得一學(xué)。

3. 常用動名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)如下，記住這些結(jié)構(gòu)非常重要:

1）to have difficulty/trouble/pleasure in doing sth.在做某事方面感到困難/快樂

Do you have any difficulty understanding spoken English?

你理解英語口語方面有困難嗎？

2）there is difficulty/trouble/pleasure/in doing sth.在做某事方面感到困難/快樂

There's no pleasure (in) working with him.

和他在一起工作沒有什么快樂。

3）to have a pleasant/good time in doing sth.做某事很快樂。

We had a pleasant time (in) staying here.

我們在這里過得很愉快。

4）to have a time in doing sth. 費很大力氣做（注意區(qū)分：to have time to do sth.意為“有時間做”）

They had a hard time in settling the trouble.

他們費了很大勁兒處理了這一麻煩事。

We have no time to go to see her.

我們沒有時間去看她。

5）to waste/spend time/money/energy doing sth.浪費時間/金錢/精力做某事

They wasted no time stopping the pollution.

他們迅速地地阻止了污染。

6）be busy in doing sth./busy oneself in doing sth.忙于做某事

The teachers are busy in preparing for the final examination.

老師們忙著為期終考試做準備。

7）to burst out laughing/crying突然笑了/哭了

On hearing the news, they burst out crying .

一聽到這個消息，他們突然哭了。

8）to be any/some/no use doing sth. = be of any/some/no use doing sth.做某事有用/沒用

Is it any use trying to persuade him to stay here for another 2 days?

試圖勸他再待兩天有用嗎？

9）it's fun/good/a waste of time/a bore/such an encouragement doing sth.做某事是快樂的/是有好處的/是浪費時間/是沒有意思的/是件令人鼓舞的事

It is no good staying here any longer.

在這里再待下去沒有好處。

10）it's enjoyable/foolish/better/nice/rather tiring/interesting/pointless/worthwhile/terrible/crazy doing sth.做某事是讓人高興的/愚蠢的/更好/令人累的/有意思的/無意義的/值得的/是瘋了

It is worthwhile devoting much more energy to study.

在學(xué)習(xí)上付出更多的精力是值得的。

11）there is no ... bearing/telling/saying/accounting for/hiding/going out做……是不可能的

There's no telling what he's going to do.

講明白他要干什么是不可能的。

12）of one's doing（=done by oneself）自己做的。

I didn't know this had been of your doing .

我原來不知道這件事是你自己做的。

13）What/How about doing sth.？做某事意下如何？

What about having a rest?

休息一會兒好嗎？

14）What do you say to doing sth.? 做某事意下如何？

What do you say to going to the cinema with me tonight?

今晚和我去看一場電影怎么樣？

15）to spend one's time/money in doing sth.在做某事方面花錢/花時間

She spent much time in going shopping.

她把很多時間都花在購物上了。

16）lose no time in doing sth.不失時機做某事

She lost no time in calling me after she arrived in Beijing.

她到北京后不失時機地給我打了電話。

17）be long in doing sth. 干事情很慢

He won't be long in making up his mind.

過不了多久他就會下定決心的。

18）there is no use/point in/of doing sth.做某事是沒有用處/意義的

There's no point in trying to persuade him to give up smoking.

試圖勸說他戒煙是沒有意義的。

There's no point in trying to communicate with him.

試圖與他交流沒有意義。

19）what's the use/point/good of doing sth.做某事有什么用？

What's the good of bragging ?

吹牛皮有什么用處呢？

20）be through with doing sth. 做完某事

When he was through (with) speaking , he got up and left.

說完了話，他就起身走了。

21）No doing.

不準做某事

No spitting !

不許吐痰！

22）it goes without saying that ... 是不用說的

It goes without saying that children shouldn't be given knives to play with.

不應(yīng)該給孩子們刀子玩，這是不用說的。

23）make a point of doing特別注意（做某事）

I always make a point of remembering my mother's birthday.

我總特注意記著媽媽的生日。

24）be on the point of doing　= be about to do快要

I was on the point of speaking to him when he left.

我就要與他說話呢，他走了。

25）never/not ... without doing = whenever沒有……而不

He cannot speak English without making mistakes.

他一說英語就出錯。

專項練習(xí)

1. The problem was difficult, but it was worth _______ out.

A. work

B. to work

C. being worked

D. working

2. The old peasant preferred _______ in the field to _______ at home in his free time.

A. to walk around; staying

B. walking around; staying

C. walking around; to stay

D. to walk around; to stay

3. You should do some reading instead of _______ TV all the time.

A. to watch

B. you watching

C. you watch

D. watching

4. Besides _______ , she is kind and considerate.

A. pretty and clever

B. being pretty and clever

C. her pretty and clever

D. she is pretty and clever

5. What about _______ fishing together with us this afternoon?

A. we go

B. we going

C. going

D. to go

答案速查　1-5　DBDBC