英語(yǔ)美文朗讀 第414期 Discomfort is your friend

We all know what a bad habit is. Smoking, eating unhealthy foods and being lazy are just some of the behaviors we ought to avoid in order to increase our overall well-being. Yet a recent study by scientists at the centers for disease control and prevention, found that avoidable behaviors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking and drinking alcohol, were some of the underlying causes of nearly half of the deaths in the United States.

 

我們都知道什么是壞習(xí)慣。為了讓自己更健康，我們需要改掉一些壞習(xí)慣，比如吸煙，好吃懶做，等等。然而，疾控中心的科學(xué)家們最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，在美國(guó)，將近一半的死亡，是由飲食不健康、缺乏鍛煉、吸煙、飲酒等習(xí)慣引起的，而這些壞習(xí)慣其實(shí)是可以避免的。

 

Tobacco accounted for eighteen point one percent of total deaths. Inactivity and bad eating sixteen point six percent and alcohol consumption three point five percent. If we know bad habits are so detrimental to our health, why do we continue to do that? We all indulge in behaviors that we know aren't good for us, and the main reason we resort to these behaviors, is because bad habits give us the comfort we need.

因吸煙而死的人，占總死亡人數(shù)的18.1%。因不運(yùn)動(dòng)和飲食不健康而死的人，占總死亡人數(shù)的16.6%。因飲酒而死的人，占總死亡人數(shù)的3.5%。既然我們知道壞習(xí)慣對(duì)健康有害，為什么我們還要去做這些事情？我們都沉迷于對(duì)自己有害的壞習(xí)慣，主要的原因就是，我們需要舒適，而這些壞習(xí)慣滿足了這個(gè)需要。

 

When it comes to making decisions, your brain can't differentiate good from bad. It only knows comfortable and uncomfortable. Every action you take has a purpose behind it, even if you're not consciously aware of what that purpose is. The most common hidden purpose is comfort. Our brains are wired to be reward-based and our reward is the feeling of comfort that in turn triggers a release of dopamine, called the feel-good hormone.

做決定時(shí)，你的大腦無(wú)法明辨是非，它只知道什么是舒服的，什么是不舒服的。你的每個(gè)舉動(dòng)，背后都有目的，盡管有可能你并不知道這個(gè)目的是什么。最常見的潛在目的，就是舒適。我們的大腦都是遵從獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度的，我們所得到的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，就是那種舒適的感覺，這種感覺會(huì)帶來(lái)多巴胺，一種能讓我們感到快樂(lè)的荷爾蒙。

 

When you bite into a chocolate chip cookie you get a hit of dopamine. When you get a like on instagram you get a hit of dopamine. The hit of pleasure causes us to crave more and so we associate this good feeling with the bad habit. This explains why we continue to indulge in bad habits and find it so difficult to stop. It feels comfortable and we essentially get to exist in our safe zone. In other words, you get attracted to the reward despite knowing it's bad for you.

當(dāng)你咬一口巧克力餅干時(shí)，你會(huì)得到多巴胺。當(dāng)你在Instagram上收到一個(gè)贊時(shí)，你會(huì)得到多巴胺。多巴胺帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)，會(huì)讓我們渴望得到更多，所以我們會(huì)把快樂(lè)的感覺和壞習(xí)慣聯(lián)系起來(lái)，這就是我們沉迷于壞習(xí)慣且無(wú)法自拔的原因。這讓我們感到舒服，從本質(zhì)上看，我們其實(shí)是走進(jìn)了舒適區(qū)。也就是說(shuō)，雖然你知道壞習(xí)慣對(duì)你有害，但是你還是被它帶來(lái)的舒服感覺所吸引。

 

Smoking that cigarette on your work breaks causes your brain to associate that habit with freedom and relaxation. Drinking alcohol may be associated with relieving some tension after a hard week. The thought of exercising and making some kind of effort is overridden in the brain by the easier thought of sitting on the couch and binge watching your favorite show. So, you can see how easily the habit is connected with the reward.

你在工作間隙吸的那根煙，讓你把吸煙這個(gè)習(xí)慣跟自由和放松聯(lián)系起來(lái)。喝酒可能會(huì)跟工作一周后的減壓聯(lián)系起來(lái)。運(yùn)動(dòng)，努力，這些積極的想法，已經(jīng)被那些更安逸的想法取代了，比如癱在沙發(fā)上看電視。所以，你也看到了，把壞習(xí)慣和安逸的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，是非常容易的。

 

We also tend to rationalize our bad behaviors, if society as a whole finds it acceptable. If a vast amount of people are doing the same thing, then it must be ok for us to do it too. It's not difficult to find socially acceptable bad habits. Snacking, skipping exercises, getting blackout drunk, and even chain-smoking are things that lots of people do. This causes an inward rationalization when it comes to unhealthy habits, such as, just one more won't hurt, or I'll do better next week. But these in-the-moment justifications only provide a brief escape from stress.

如果社會(huì)接受我們的不良行為，那么我們就會(huì)認(rèn)為它們是合理的。一件事，如果很多人都在做，那么我們做也沒(méi)問(wèn)題。在我們生活的社會(huì)中，有很多壞習(xí)慣是可以接受的，比如吃零食，偷懶不運(yùn)動(dòng)，喝得爛醉，吸煙上癮，這些是很多人都在做的事。在我們的潛意識(shí)中，這讓我們認(rèn)為那些不健康的習(xí)慣是合理的，比如，我們會(huì)想，再抽一根也沒(méi)事，下周我會(huì)做得更好。但是，這些理由只不過(guò)是我們逃避壓力的借口而已。

 

It's important to remember that bad habits only give temporary comfort. An alcoholic beverage can only numb you to stress, and after a buzz wears off, the stressful reality returns. Ironically the long-term solution to break bad habits is in fact discomfort. The only way you grow is by stepping into the unknown. This is why so many people have break down before breakthrough moments. The more discomfort you experience, the greater the long-term benefit will be. The simplest analogy is exercise, the more you push yourself during a workout the more sweat, burn, fatigue, exhaustion you feel, the more strength, endurance, and longevity you gain.

我們要記住，壞習(xí)慣只會(huì)帶來(lái)暫時(shí)的舒服。灌下一瓶酒，只能讓你麻痹自己，逃避壓力，等到酒醒之后，壓力又回來(lái)了。有意思的是，擺脫壞習(xí)慣的長(zhǎng)久之計(jì)，其實(shí)就是不舒服。如果想成長(zhǎng)，唯一的辦法就是走向未知。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，你經(jīng)歷的不舒適越多，你得到的好處就越多。最好的例子就是運(yùn)動(dòng)，在健身的時(shí)候，你越是逼自己，流汗越多，燃燒的脂肪越多，身體越累，你的力量和耐力就會(huì)更強(qiáng)，你就能更長(zhǎng)壽。

 

However, most people don't change until not changing is the less comfortable option. Powerful transformation happens when you truly get out of your comfort zone. Familiar discomfort is a form of comfort. This is why people are addicted to toxic relationships. Comfort is nothing more than an illusion. There's no such thing as real comfort. There's only the idea of what safe. This one is a big one to swallow, but there's really no such thing as comfort, which is why comfortable things don't last, and why the most well-adjusted people are most comfortable in discomfort. Comfortable is just an idea. You choose what you want to base yours on. Discomfort is your friend.

然而，除非改變是不得已的選擇，否則大多數(shù)人不會(huì)改變。當(dāng)你真正走出舒適區(qū)的時(shí)候，你身上就會(huì)發(fā)生影響深遠(yuǎn)的改變。熟悉的不舒適，也是一種舒適，所以很多人沉迷于有害的人際關(guān)系。舒適只是一種幻覺，根本沒(méi)有真正的舒適，只有我們自認(rèn)為的安全而已。這可能很難接受，然而事實(shí)就是，舒適是不存在的，所以那些令人舒適的東西并不持久，而那些適應(yīng)力很強(qiáng)的人，反而喜歡不舒適。舒適，只是一種想法而已。什么才能讓你感到舒適，你自己說(shuō)了算。不舒適，才是你真正的朋友。