常春藤生活英語：Julius Caesar 西澤大帝

Julius Caesar, the Roman military and political leader, was born in 100 BC. He is considered to be one of the ancient world's mightiest leaders. Caesar caused a civil war in 49 BC. After winning the war, he became the head of the Roman world. He gained control of the government and began to make changes to Roman law and life.

Citizens of Rome between the ages of 20 and 40 were not allowed to leave Italy for more than three years unless they were on a military assignment. This law was established so that local farms and businesses would still operate and corruption4 from abroad would also be prevented. This law showed that Caesar had the best interest of his country at heart.

There were many festivals in his honor, and people built statues and temples to celebrate the great Julius Caesar. However, all of the money that was being spent on ceremonies started to anger many members of the Roman Senate. One of them was Caesar's closest friend, Brutus.

西澤大帝生于公元前100年，是羅馬的軍事和政治領(lǐng)袖。他被視為古代最強(qiáng)大的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者之一。西澤于公元前49年引發(fā)一場(chǎng)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。在他打了勝戰(zhàn)后，西澤變成羅馬世界的領(lǐng)袖。他取得了政府的掌控權(quán)，并著手改變羅馬的律法和生活。

除非身負(fù)軍隊(duì)任務(wù)，否則二十到四十歲的羅馬人民不準(zhǔn)離開意大利超過三年。設(shè)立這條法律的目的是為了讓當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)田和生意仍可照常運(yùn)作，也為了避免來自海外的貪腐。這條法律顯示出西澤以國(guó)家利益為優(yōu)先考慮。

許多慶典是為了紀(jì)念他而舉辦，人們也建造雕像和寺廟來贊頌偉大的西澤大帝。不過花費(fèi)在這些慶典的所有開銷開始惹惱了許多在羅馬元老院的議員。其中一位是西澤最親近的朋友，布魯特斯。

Building Your Vocabulary

1bmighty　a. 強(qiáng)大的，強(qiáng)有力的

A mighty empire once ruled the world.

一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的帝國(guó)曾經(jīng)統(tǒng)治了世界。

2.bestablish　vt. 建立

The new company tried to establish its name in the market.

這家新公司試圖在市場(chǎng)上建立名聲。

3.boperate　vi. 營(yíng)運(yùn)，經(jīng)營(yíng)

Gary's company operates all over China.

蓋瑞的公司在全中國(guó)都有生意活動(dòng)。

4.bcelebrate　vt. 頌揚(yáng)，贊美

These poems celebrate the beauty of life.

這些詩(shī)詞贊揚(yáng)了生命的美好。

5.banger vt. 使發(fā)怒，使生氣

What you said really angered your mother.

你所說的話讓你媽媽真的生氣了。

Phrases for Learning

have the best interest of...at heart　　(極為)關(guān)心……的利益

Miss Nien always has the best interests of her students at heart.

粘老師總是處處為她學(xué)生的利益為著想。

參考字詞

1.Roman　a. 羅馬(人)的

2.civil war n. 內(nèi)戰(zhàn)

3.assignment　n. 任務(wù)，工作

4.corruption　n. 腐化;貪污

5.ceremony　n. 儀式，典禮

6.Senate　n.(古羅馬的)元老院

Senator　n. 元老院議員

Enjoy Box

西澤的一生

西澤成長(zhǎng)于一個(gè)充滿政治斗爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境，年輕時(shí)因言論激進(jìn)，而被當(dāng)時(shí)的羅馬領(lǐng)袖蘇拉(Sulla)視為眼中釘，因此展開逃亡生涯。三年后，成為律師的西澤回到羅馬，雄辯的演說技巧成為日后廣得民心的利器。西澤十九歲時(shí)投筆從戎，多年的軍旅生活增長(zhǎng)他的軍事才干和毅力。離開軍隊(duì)后，西澤擔(dān)任財(cái)政官和市政官，以高明的政治手腕，讓他聲望大增，成為民主派公認(rèn)的領(lǐng)袖。于政界嶄露頭角后，西澤繼續(xù)他的軍事作為，在高盧戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和內(nèi)戰(zhàn)獲勝后，集軍、政、司法大權(quán)于一身，還得到『祖國(guó)之父』的美名。

成為羅馬最高統(tǒng)治者的西澤，因獨(dú)裁和大幅改革，引發(fā)元老院議員不滿，最后遇刺身亡。在莎士比亞的名劇《西澤大帝》中，布魯特斯對(duì)眾人說：『Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.(吾愛西澤，但吾更愛羅馬)』。據(jù)說西澤遇刺時(shí)，本可逃出生天，但當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)摯友布魯特斯持刀相向時(shí)，他永不認(rèn)輸?shù)木裥姆浪查g瓦解，無奈地將生命奉上，悲劇性地結(jié)束了風(fēng)光的一生。他臨終前的最后一句話為：『You, too, Brutus?(你也有份，布魯特斯?)』。

Tips In Use

...leave Italy for more than...　(……離開意大利超過……)

1."more than..."在本句中表『多于……』。

例：

More than 10 apples are in the basket.

=Over 10 apples are in the basket.

(籃子里有超過十顆蘋果。)

2.此外，"more than..."也可以用來表示『不僅∕非常……』，之后可置名詞、形容詞或副詞以供修飾。

例：

Tammy is more than curious about the singer's scandal.

(塔米對(duì)那位歌手的緋聞十分好奇。)