YouTube的“敵人”

所屬教程:金融時報原文閱讀

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2020年08月18日

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掃描二維碼方便學(xué)習(xí)和分享

YouTube的“敵人”

樂壇正罕見地聯(lián)合對YouTube展開公開斗爭，YouTube有著數(shù)十億用戶。但年度銷售統(tǒng)計顯示，YouTube帶給音樂人的直接受益比黑膠唱片這一小眾市場的銷售更加少。

測試中可能遇到的詞匯和知識：

Coldplay 酷玩樂隊（英國著名流行樂隊）

siphon 用虹吸管吸出；抽取['sa?f(?)n]

salvo 齊鳴['s?lv??]

provision 規(guī)定；條款[pr?'v??(?)n]

prosecution 檢舉；進行；經(jīng)營[pr?s?'kju??(?)n]

nascent 初期的['n?s(?)nt; 'ne?-]

monetize 使貨幣化（等于monetize）['m?nitaiz]

phonographic 留聲機的；速記的[,f??n?'ɡr?f?k]

閱讀馬上開始，建議您計算一下閱讀整篇文章所用的時間，對照下方的參考值就可以評估出您的英文閱讀水平。

如果您讀完全文用時為：那么，您的閱讀速度相當(dāng)于每分鐘閱讀的英文單詞數(shù)

3分31秒母語為英語者的朗讀速度 140

1分5秒母語為英語的中學(xué)生的閱讀速度 250

1分12秒母語為英語的大學(xué)生的閱讀速度 350

0分4秒母語為英語的速讀高手 1000

Pop stars complain to Brussels over YouTube（464 words）

By Matthew Garrahan in London

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Pop stars ranging from Abba and Coldplay to Ed Sheeran and Lady Gaga have written to the European Commission complaining that Google’s YouTube is “unfairly siphoning value” away from artists and songwriters.

More than a thousand acts signed the letter to Jean-Claude Juncker, the commission’s president, saying there was a growing “value gap” between rising music consumption — which is “exploding” — and revenue.

“The value gap undermines the rights and revenues of those who create, invest in and own music, and distorts the market place,” the artists wrote.

The letter is the latest salvo in a campaign against YouTube by acts and music labels, which are pressing for changes to provisions that give online video services “safe harbour” from prosecution if they are found to be hosting unauthorised content.

“These protections were put in place two decades ago to help develop nascent digital start-ups, but today are being misapplied to corporations that distribute and monetise our works,” the artists said.

YouTube, which shares advertising revenue from music videos with artists and labels, said it had paid out $3bn to the industry. A spokesman said the company was “working collaboratively” with the industry “to bring more money to artists”.

YouTube’s Content ID system locates unauthorised uploads and gives artists and labels the option of generating money from them via advertising.

“The overwhelming majority of labels and publishers have licensing agreements in place with YouTube, and choose to leave fan uploads up on the platform and earn money from them 95 per cent of the time,” said a YouTube spokesman.

However, many in the music industry say too much unauthorised music is slipping through the cracks.

Universal Music Group, the world’s biggest music group and home of acts such as Taylor Swift and Sam Smith, said in a recent filing to the US Copyright Office that it had hired a third-party company “just to find and claim UMG’s own content that has been used without authorisation on YouTube.”

Sony Music said in a filing that “untold millions in revenue” would “never be realised by Sony due to plays of Sony Recordings that Content ID does not identify”.

Global music revenues rose 3.2 per cent to $15bn in 2015 as digital sales of music overtook physical sales for the first time, according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. It was the first year-on-year growth in almost 20 years and is being driven by streaming services, such as Spotify and Apple Music.

However, the IFPI said in a recent report that growth was being held back because “revenues are not being fairly returned to rights holders”.

The dispute with YouTube comes as the three largest music labels — Universal Music Group, Sony Music and Warner Music — negotiate new licensing deals with the Google-owned video platform.

請根據(jù)你所讀到的文章內(nèi)容，完成以下自測題目：

1. What undermines the rights and distorts the market place in the letter?

A. revenue

B. value gap

C. page view

D. online video services

2. When were the protections put in place to help develop nascent digital start-ups?

A. 5 years ago

B. a decade ago

C. 20 years ago

D. 15 years ago

3. Where did YouTube share advertising revenue from?