第二冊第7篇：午后比薩之美

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John Ruskin 約翰·羅斯金

On each side of a bright river he saw rise a line of brighter palaces, arched and pillared, and inlaid with deep red porphyry, and with serpentine(2); along the quays before their gates were riding troops of knights, noble in face and form, dazzling in crest and shield; horse and man one labyrinth of quaint colour and gleaming light(3)--the purple, and silver, and scarlet fringes flowing over the strong limbs and clashing mail, like sea-waves over rocks at sunset. Opening on each side from the river were gardens, courts, and cloisters; long successions of white pillars among wreaths of vine; leaping of fountains through buds of pomegranate and orange; and still along the garden-paths, and under and through the crimson of the pomegranate shadows, moving slowly, groups of the fairest women that Italy ever saw fairest, because purest and thoughtfulest; trained in all high knowledge, as in all courteous art--in dance, in song, in sweet wit, in lofty learning, in loftier courage,-ill loftiest love- able alike to cheer, to enchant, or save, the souls of men(4). Above all this scenery of perfect human life, rose dome and bell-tower, burning with white alabaster and gold: beyond dome and bell-tower the slopes of mighty hills, hoary with olive; far in the north, above a purple sea of peaks of solemn Apennine(5), the clear, sharp- cloven Carrara mountains(6) sent up their steadfast flames of marble summit into amber sky; the great sea itself, scorching with expanse of light, stretching from their feet to the Gorgonian isles(7); and over all these, ever present, near or far--seen through the leaves of vine, or imaged with all its march of clouds in the Arno's stream,(8) or set with its depth of blue close against the golden hair and burning cheek of lady and knight,-- that untroubled and sacred sky, which was to all men, in those days of innocent faith, indeed the unquestioned abode of spirits, as the earth was of men; and which opened straight through its gates of cloud and veils of dew into the awfulness of the eternal world; a heaven in which every cloud that passed was literally the chariot of an angel and every ray of its Evening and Morning streamed from the throne of God.(9)

中文譯文：

在一條燦爛的大河兩岸，他看到每一邊都矗立著一排更為燦爛的宮殿，有拱門和石柱，并且鑲嵌著深紅色的斑巖，還有蛇紋巖，宮殿門前的碼頭上，一隊隊騎在馬上的騎土，威風(fēng)凜凜，神采奕奕，頭盔和盾牌金光锃亮，馬匹和騎手組成了色彩和光澤上光怪陸離的一團(tuán)--披掛在健壯的四肢和鏗鏘作聲的鎧甲上的紫紅色、銀白色和猩紅色的流蘇，宛如日落時涌上巖石的海浪。呈現(xiàn)在河岸兩邊的是花園、庭園以及修道院，是繚繞的葡萄藤花掩映著的白色的石柱，一根接一根，長長的一排;是石榴花蕾和桔子花蕾叢中噴泉噴出的水柱，還有就是沿著園中小徑，在石榴花緋紅色的蔭影中成群地姍姍而行的女士們，她們是意大利所見到的最美的美人--最美，是因為她們純潔無瑕，最富有想象力，她們熟諳各門高尚知識和各種社交藝術(shù)：跳舞、唱歌、解頤的妙語、高貴的學(xué)識、更高貴的勇氣、最高貴的愛情，她們都能鼓舞、陶醉或者拯救男人們的靈魂。在這一片人世間完美無缺的景色之上，高聳著發(fā)出白雪花石膏和黃金的輝煌光芒的圓拱屋頂和鐘樓，在拱頂和鐘樓的后面是雄偉的山脈，山上長滿了灰色的油橄欖樹，遙遠(yuǎn)的北方，在威嚴(yán)的亞平寧山脈紫色的群峰之上，輪廓分明的卡拉拉山把永恒不變的火焰似的大理石山頂插入琥珀色的天空，光芒奪目的浩瀚大海從山腳下一直延伸到戈爾高尼群島，而在這一切之上，無論是透過葡萄葉叢所見到的，還是阿爾諾河上伴著飄忽的云影所反映出來的，還是同貴婦人和騎士的金色頭發(fā)和紅潤面頰相映襯的，是一片蔚藍(lán)的天空，無遠(yuǎn)弗屆，無時不在，寧靜而莊嚴(yán)。在那信仰單純的年月里，對所有的人來說，那蒼天無容置疑地是神仙的住所，就象地球是人的住所一樣。穿過云端的大門，透過露珠的紗幕，一直通向令人敬畏的永恒世界--那就是天國，在那兒朵朵飄過的云彩實際上都是天使的戰(zhàn)車，晨曦和晚霞的每縷光芒都來自上帝的寶座。

英文注釋：

(1)Pisa，比薩，意大利城市，城內(nèi)有著名的斜塔。

(2)he saw rise a line of brighter palaces,…serpentine，在這一句中，rise本應(yīng)在句末，補(bǔ)充說明謂語動詞 saw所帶的賓語，但由于賓語a line of brighter palaces 加上后面所帶的許多定語顯得太長了，所以移到前面。

(3)horse and man one labyrinth Of quaint colour and gleaming light.馬匹和騎手組成了色彩和光澤上光怪陸離的一團(tuán)。這是一個主格獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，在horse and man后省略了分詞being。

(4)able alike to cheer，…the souls of men：作定語，與前面trained…in love并列，修飾the fairest women。

(5)Apennine：亞平寧山脈，在意大利境內(nèi)。

(6) Carrara mountains：卡拉拉山，位于意大利西北部，盛產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)大理石。

(7)Gorgonian isles：戈爾高尼群島。

(8)the Arno：阿爾諾河，意大利中北部河流，流入地中海。

(9)Above all this scenery...from the throne of God;這是課文中最后一句，它是一個復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句，由五個并列的分句和它們所帶的從句構(gòu)成。第一分句是倒裝句，主語是dome and bell-tower，謂語動詞是rose; 第二分句beyond dome and bell-tower the slopes of mighty hills，hoary with olive也是一個倒裝句，但句中省略了謂語中的聯(lián)系動詞，主語為the slopes;第三分句的主語為Carrara mountains，謂語動詞為sent up;第四分句the great sea itself，scorching with expanse of light，stretching from their feet to the Gorgonian isles是一個僅有主語部分的句子。緊跟著的第五個分句也為倒裝句，句中省略了謂語聯(lián)系動詞 was，主語為that untroubled and sacred sky，它后面接兩個用which引出的定語從句，而破折號后面的a heaven是sky的同位語，它本身又帶了個in which…的定語從句。五個分句中除第一句因為起了引出后面各分句內(nèi)容的作用，所以用冒號與其余部分分開外，其他各分句都用分號彼此分開，兩個定語從句，因為很長，并且第一句內(nèi)部已有了逗號，所以也用分號分開。