世界500強(qiáng)CEO訪談 第13期:通用里克瓦格納 如何逆轉(zhuǎn)衰退(1)

Reporter: How does it feel to lose the top spot on your watch?

記者：通用汽車(chē)失去了其世界頂級(jí)汽車(chē)品牌的地位，對(duì)此您感受如何呢?

Wagoner: It’s not something we’d relish. We’ve been number one in the world for 75 years, and we want to keep that going. That’ll be determined out on the playing field. If they pass us, we’ll get up the next day and go after them. I wouldn’t like it. But if it happens, I’m not going to quit the next morning. But would it bother me? Sure. I’m a competitive guy. I don’t like losing at anything.

瓦格納：那是我們不希望發(fā)生的事情。我們已經(jīng)連續(xù)75年位居世界第一，我們想要一直保持下去。就像是要在運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上決出勝負(fù)，如果他們超過(guò)了我們，那么我們?cè)诘诙炀蜁?huì)繼續(xù)起來(lái)去追趕他們。但其實(shí)我不喜歡那樣。如果那樣的事情真的發(fā)生了，那我一定不會(huì)在第二天早上就退出。那會(huì)使我煩惱嗎?那是一定的。我是一個(gè)好競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人，我不希望在任何方面失敗。

Reporter: With all the challenges facing you, what tops your priority list?

記者：你們現(xiàn)在面臨著很多挑戰(zhàn)，那么你們最優(yōu)先考慮的事情是什么呢?

Wagoner: We need to drive revenue growth. Frankly, that’s hard to do in a weak market, but that’s what is really going to emphasize the extent of the changes we made and translate our improvements in products, quality and manufacturing into better financial results.

瓦格納：我們要使收益有所增長(zhǎng)，坦白的說(shuō)，這在一個(gè)疲軟的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境之中很難做到，但是那才能更加肯定我們所作出的調(diào)整，我們?cè)诋a(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、制造方面的提高，最終表現(xiàn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)收益的增長(zhǎng)。

Reporter: How do you do that?

記者：您是怎樣做的呢?

Wagoner: We’ve cut $9 billion in fixed costs through plant consolidation and job cuts, and think we can cut another $5 billion or so over the next three years with lower health care, pension and labor costs with the new United Auto Workers agreement.

瓦格納：我們通過(guò)工廠合并和裁員使固定成本減少了90億美元，并且我們認(rèn)為，根據(jù)新的汽車(chē)工人聯(lián)合會(huì)協(xié)議，衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療、退休金和人工成本將會(huì)更低，那么在接下來(lái)的3年時(shí)間里，我們還能夠繼續(xù)減少大約50億美元的成本。

Reporter: A lot of people are talking about a US recession. Can the great American automaker still turn things around?

記者：很多人現(xiàn)在都在談?wù)撁绹?guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條，偉大的美國(guó)汽車(chē)制造商有辦法使這種形勢(shì)有所好轉(zhuǎn)嗎?

Wagoner: Sure. There are a number of things that will play out over the next couple of years that should improve our earnings. When we complete the 2007 labor agreement，we will get $4 billion to $5 billion in savings, a half billion when our supplier Delphi gets out of bankruptcy, and if the US industry gets back to average sales, that will be $1 billion to $1.5 billion, conservatively. We don’t have the profitability we want, but we are improving our cash flow. So even in a very difficult US environment, help is on its way. But we’re not waiting for help to get here. We are coming up with other ways to improve our cost structure, including a buyout offer for US.

瓦格納：當(dāng)然會(huì)有的。在接下來(lái)的幾年時(shí)間里，我們可以做很多事情來(lái)提高我們的收入。當(dāng)我們完成2007勞資協(xié)議的時(shí)候，我們可以得到40—50億的儲(chǔ)蓄;當(dāng)我們的供應(yīng)商特爾斐脫離破產(chǎn)的困境時(shí)，我們可以得到50億美元;當(dāng)美國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)恢復(fù)到平均銷(xiāo)售額時(shí)，保守來(lái)說(shuō)，我們將得到10—15億美元。我們現(xiàn)在并沒(méi)有達(dá)到希望的利益率，但是我們正在努力提高現(xiàn)金流轉(zhuǎn)速度。所以即使美國(guó)現(xiàn)在處于一個(gè)很困難的時(shí)期，我們也會(huì)得到一些幫助。但我們沒(méi)有等著靠幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，我們也將采取其他的方法來(lái)改善我們的費(fèi)用結(jié)構(gòu)，包括讓國(guó)家來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)我們的股份。

Reporter: A lot of people have pointed to last year's loss as a sign that execution hasn’t come through.

記者：很多人都將公司去年的損失看做是管理不善的結(jié)果。

Wagoner: Nothing could be further from the truth. If anyone is interpreting that, they are not looking at the data. It’s clear the loss was driven by an accounting requirement, and a significant loss in GMAC business. Behind those the automotive business continued to show significant improvements, and North America produced 300,000 fewer units and still showed improvement in earnings. That’s worth a huge amount of money and highlights that we’re doing what we said we would. We’ve executed well, and on top of that, product momentum is moving nicely.

瓦格納：不是那樣的。如果有人那樣說(shuō)的話(huà)，那他們一定沒(méi)有去看數(shù)據(jù)。很明顯，損失純粹是由于金融需求而造成的，那導(dǎo)致通用汽車(chē)金融公司面臨了很?chē)?yán)重的損失。緊接著，汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)就不斷呈現(xiàn)改善的趨勢(shì)，北美僅制造了30萬(wàn)輛汽車(chē)，但是他們的盈利仍然是增加了。那樣的投資很值得，并且向大家展示了我們正在做以前說(shuō)過(guò)要做的事情。我們執(zhí)行的很好，并且除此之外，產(chǎn)品沖力也發(fā)展的很好。

Reporter: GM will have—

記者：通用汽車(chē)將會(huì)有……

Wagoner: GM will have eight different hybrid models. And I think in things like flex fuel, you know, we’ve committed to have 50 percent of our production flex— fuel capable by 2012. So, if you add all those up, I think over the next several years, we’re going to feel this thing shifting. Is it all going to be done in five or 10 years? That’s probably an overstatement, but we’re going to be moving on a different path than it feels like we’ve been on for the last five years as an industry.

瓦格納：通用汽車(chē)將會(huì)有關(guān)于混合燃料的8輛氫燃料動(dòng)力汽車(chē)模型，你知道在2012年我們將達(dá)到50%的產(chǎn)品都使用混合燃料。所以如果把這也算入內(nèi)的話(huà)，在接下來(lái)幾年的時(shí)間內(nèi)，我們就會(huì)感受到事情有所改變。那在5年或者10年的時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)全部實(shí)現(xiàn)嗎?那可能是大話(huà)，但是作為一個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)，與近5年相比，我們會(huì)走上一條不同的道路。