運(yùn)動(dòng)可以預(yù)防高危小鼠發(fā)生肝癌

運(yùn)動(dòng)可以預(yù)防高危小鼠發(fā)生肝癌

Liver cancer rates have more than tripled since 1980, according to the American Cancer Society, and a rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes have played a significant role in this trend. Scientists investigating these links in mice have uncovered new evidence of the importance of exercise in keeping these conditions at bay, finding that it likely prevents early onset of liver cancer in high-risk individuals.

美國(guó)癌癥協(xié)會(huì)(American cancer Society)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，自1980年以來(lái)，肝癌發(fā)病率增加了兩倍多，肥胖和2型糖尿病的增加在這一趨勢(shì)中起了重要作用?？茖W(xué)家們?cè)诶鲜笊砩涎芯苛诉@些聯(lián)系，發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的證據(jù)，證明運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)控制這些狀況的重要性。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，運(yùn)動(dòng)可能會(huì)防止高危人群過(guò)早患上肝癌。

The benefits of regular exercise in maintaining health and wellbeing are well known, and recent research has pointed to the role it can play in preventing or even combating cancer. The new study conducted by researchers at the Australian National University (ANU) sought to dive a little deeper into this, and if exercise could prevent liver cancer in those already at high risk.

定期鍛煉在保持健康和幸福方面的好處是眾所周知的，最近的研究指出了它在預(yù)防甚至與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)方面的作用。這項(xiàng)由澳大利亞國(guó)立大學(xué)(ANU)的研究人員進(jìn)行的新研究試圖更深入地探討這一問(wèn)題，以及鍛煉是否可以預(yù)防那些已經(jīng)處于高危狀態(tài)的人患上肝癌。

Specifically, the team studied how fatty liver disease linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes can act as a precursor to liver cancer, and how exercise could break this chain of negative health outcomes. Mice were engineered to over-eat in order to develop obesity and type 2 diabetes, with the rodents then injected with cancer-causing agents early in life.

具體來(lái)說(shuō)，研究小組研究了與肥胖和2型糖尿病相關(guān)的脂肪肝疾病如何成為肝癌的前兆，以及運(yùn)動(dòng)如何打破這一負(fù)面健康結(jié)果的鏈條。老鼠被設(shè)計(jì)成暴飲暴食，以形成肥胖和2型糖尿病，這些嚙齒動(dòng)物在生命早期就被注射了致癌劑。

Half of these mice were given a running wheel and the other half were not, condemning them to a sedentary existence. The active mice ran up to 40 km (25 mi) a day, which slowed down their weight gain somewhat. While they did still go on to develop obesity after six months, they were in far better health than the sedentary group of mice.

這些老鼠中的一半被給予了一個(gè)跑步輪，而另一半沒(méi)有，這使它們不得不過(guò)著久坐不動(dòng)的生活?；钴S的老鼠每天跑40公里(25英里)，這在一定程度上減緩了它們的體重增加。雖然六個(gè)月后它們還是會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)胖，但它們的健康狀況比久坐不動(dòng)的那組老鼠要好得多。

“Nearly all the mice that did not exercise developed cancer within six months,” says Professor Farrell. “Among the mice that exercised none developed liver cancer in six months, showing that exercise prevented early onset of liver cancer.”

法雷爾教授說(shuō):“幾乎所有不運(yùn)動(dòng)的老鼠在六個(gè)月內(nèi)都患上了癌癥。”“而鍛煉的老鼠六個(gè)月內(nèi)沒(méi)有患上肝癌，這表明鍛煉可以預(yù)防肝癌的早期發(fā)作。”

The scientists observed a reduction in the severity of fatty liver disease in the mice that exercised, along with a reduction in activity of a stress-related signaling molecule called JNK1. This molecular pathway is thought to play a role in altering liver cells as they develop into cancers, and the study suggests that it could be switched off via regular exercise.

科學(xué)家們觀察到，運(yùn)動(dòng)的小鼠脂肪肝的嚴(yán)重程度有所降低，同時(shí)與應(yīng)激相關(guān)的信號(hào)分子 JNK1的活性也有所降低。這一分子通路被認(rèn)為在肝細(xì)胞癌變過(guò)程中起著重要作用，研究表明，通過(guò)定期鍛煉，這種分子通路可以被關(guān)閉。

The research was published in the Journal of Hepatology.

這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《肝臟病學(xué)雜志》上。