研究警告說，美國人正在酗酒至死

研究警告說，美國人正在酗酒至死

American drinkers are boozing more, according to two new studies this month, and that’s leading to more alcohol-related deaths.

本月的兩項(xiàng)新研究表明，美國飲酒者飲酒過量，這導(dǎo)致了更多與酒精相關(guān)的死亡。

Thanks to our ballooning benders, 73,000 Americans died from liver disease and other alcohol-related illnesses in 2017 — more than double in 1999 when that number was 36,000, according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics.

美國國家衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計(jì)中心的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，由于不斷膨脹的彎管，2017年有7.3萬美國人死于肝病和其他與酒精有關(guān)的疾病，是1999年的兩倍多，1999年的數(shù)字是3.6萬。

While men died at higher rates overall, the study, published last week in the journal “Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research,” reported the largest increases in alcohol-induced deaths were among middle-aged individuals and women, especially white women.

上周發(fā)表在《酒精中毒:臨床與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究》(Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research)雜志上的這項(xiàng)研究報(bào)告稱，男性的總體死亡率更高，但酒精導(dǎo)致的死亡增幅最大的是中年人和女性，尤其是白人女性。

“With the increases in alcohol use among women, there’s been increases in harms for women including ER visits, hospitalization and deaths,” Aaron White, lead study author, told NPR.

該研究的主要作者亞倫·懷特(Aaron White)告訴美國國家公共電臺(tái)(NPR):“隨著女性飲酒人數(shù)的增加，女性受到的傷害也在增加，包括急診、住院和死亡。”

Their research indicates that alcohol is even deadlier than illicit drugs, including opioids, which claimed the lives of about 70,000 in 2017, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cigarettes, however, remain America’s No. 1 killer with more than 480,000 dying each year due to smoking-related illness.

他們的研究表明，酒精甚至比包括阿片類藥物在內(nèi)的非法藥物更致命。根據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數(shù)據(jù)，2017年，阿片類藥物奪走了約7萬人的生命。然而，香煙仍然是美國的頭號(hào)殺手，每年有超過48萬人死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病。

That study wasn’t the only sobering evidence of America’s growing problem.

這項(xiàng)研究并不是美國日益嚴(yán)重的問題的唯一發(fā)人深省的證據(jù)。

Researchers at the CDC revealed this week a 12% increase in binge drinking over a six year period ending in 2017, according to data pulled from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(CDC)的研究人員本周公布，根據(jù)行為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)(Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System)的數(shù)據(jù)，截至2017年的6年間，美國人酗酒的數(shù)量增加了12%。

The CDC totaled the annual number of drinks consumed by adult binge drinkers — meaning those who regularly have four or more alcoholic beverages during one occasion — and found the average number had jumped from 472 in 2011 to 529 in 2017.

美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心統(tǒng)計(jì)了成年酗酒者每年的飲酒量，發(fā)現(xiàn)這一數(shù)字從2011年的472上升到了2017年的529。

For men, the average number escalated from 587 to 666 during the study period, compared to women whose binge drinking rose from 256 to 290 — a differential of 79 versus 34. They also found that those who had not completed high school saw a jump of 45.8%. For individuals with family incomes of less than $25,000 per year, the yearly average leaped from 543 to 673.

在研究期間，男性的平均酗酒人數(shù)從587上升到666，而女性的酗酒人數(shù)則從256上升到290，相差79比34。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些沒有完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的人上升了45.8%。對于家庭年收入低于2.5萬美元的個(gè)人，年平均收入從543美元躍升至673美元。

The CDC’s report also revealed binge drinking averages by state, and showed that nine states are drinking more than they did in 2011, including New Jersey and New York. In 2017, the state with the lowest average number of drinks during a binge was Massachusetts with 320; the highest was Wyoming with 1,219.

疾控中心的報(bào)告還顯示了各州酗酒的平均水平，顯示有9個(gè)州的酗酒量比2011年有所增加，包括新澤西州和紐約州。2017年，狂歡期間平均飲酒量最低的州是馬薩諸塞州，為320杯;最高的是懷俄明州，有1219人。

The CDC reminds that binge drinking and alcoholism can lead to risky behaviors, such as drunk driving, domestic violence, unprotected sex resulting in pregnancy and STDs, as well as stroke, heart and liver disease, among other illnesses.

美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心提醒說，酗酒和酒精中毒可能導(dǎo)致危險(xiǎn)行為，如酒后駕車、家庭暴力、無保護(hù)措施的性行為導(dǎo)致懷孕和性傳播疾病，以及中風(fēng)、心臟病和肝病等疾病。