研究發(fā)現(xiàn)爽身粉不太可能導(dǎo)致卵巢癌

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)爽身粉不太可能導(dǎo)致卵巢癌

In recent years, women have taken talcum powder manufacturers to court over concerns that the use of the product in the genital area could cause ovarian cancer. Now, a new study finds no meaningful association between using talc-based or other powders and ovarian cancer.

近年來(lái)，女性把爽身粉制造商告上法庭，因?yàn)樗齻儞?dān)心在生殖器官使用爽身粉可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致卵巢癌。現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用爽身粉或其他粉與卵巢癌之間沒(méi)有明顯的聯(lián)系。

Researchers from NIH's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the National Cancer Institute conducted the largest study to date of genital powder use and ovarian cancer. The study, published Tuesday in JAMA, used data from 252.745 women who answered questions about whether they used powder on their genitals. This was a pooled analysis of four large studies gathering data about the frequency and length of time women used the powder.

美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院(NIH)國(guó)家環(huán)境衛(wèi)生科學(xué)研究所和美國(guó)國(guó)家癌癥研究所的研究人員進(jìn)行了迄今為止規(guī)模最大的生殖粉使用和卵巢癌研究。周二發(fā)表在《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》(JAMA)上的這項(xiàng)研究，使用了來(lái)自252.745名女性的數(shù)據(jù)，她們回答了有關(guān)是否在生殖器上使用爽身粉的問(wèn)題。這是對(duì)四項(xiàng)大型研究的匯總分析，收集了關(guān)于女性使用這種爽身粉的頻率和時(shí)間的數(shù)據(jù)。

According to epidemiologist Katie O'Brien who headed the study, women report applying the powder either directly on their genital area or on sanitary napkins, tampons, underwear or diaphragms. O'Brien doesn't know exactly which type of powder women used.

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)研究的流行病學(xué)家凱蒂·奧布萊恩表示，女性報(bào)告稱，她們會(huì)直接將這種粉末涂在生殖器區(qū)域，或者衛(wèi)生巾、衛(wèi)生棉條、內(nèi)衣或子宮帽上。奧布萊恩不知道女人們到底用的是哪種粉末。

The research finds that women who had ever used powder had an 8% increased risk of ovarian cancer compared to those who never used it. "That is not a statistically significant increase" says O'Brien. And she adds that this increase needs to be understood in context. Ovarian cancer is very rare and the lifetime risk of getting it is 1.3% so an increase of 8% to that is "small." O'Brien says it represents an estimated 0.09% increase in risk by age 70.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與從未使用過(guò)爽身粉的女性相比，使用過(guò)爽身粉的女性患卵巢癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加了8%。奧布萊恩說(shuō):“從統(tǒng)計(jì)上看，這并不是一個(gè)顯著的增長(zhǎng)。”她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這種增長(zhǎng)需要在具體情況下加以理解。卵巢癌非常罕見(jiàn)，終生患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為1.3%，所以8%的增長(zhǎng)是“很小的”。奧布萊恩說(shuō)，據(jù)估計(jì)，到70歲時(shí)，患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)增加0.09%。

But among the subset of women who had their uterus and fallopian tubes intact, their increased risk of ovarian cancer from using powder in their genital area was 13% — which is an estimated 0.15% increase in risk by age 70 and is still considered a very small increase.

但是，在子宮和輸卵管完好的女性中，在生殖部位使用爽身粉增加了13%患卵巢癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，到70歲時(shí)，這一風(fēng)險(xiǎn)估計(jì)增加了0.15%，但仍然被認(rèn)為是很小的增加。

Unlike most other studies of talc and ovarian cancer, which focused on women already diagnosed with cancer, this study was prospective, and asked about powder use before study subjects had developed ovarian cancer. This means the study is free from recall bias, says O'Brien.

不像其他大多數(shù)關(guān)于爽身粉和卵巢癌的研究，這些研究關(guān)注的是已經(jīng)被診斷為癌癥的女性，這項(xiàng)研究是前瞻性的，在研究對(duì)象發(fā)展為卵巢癌之前詢問(wèn)粉末的使用情況。奧布萊恩說(shuō)，這意味著這項(xiàng)研究沒(méi)有回憶偏差。

Rates of powder use have declined over the last 50 years, yet it remains a routine practice for some women, says Dr. Dana Gossett, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of California, San Francisco. She wrote an editorial accompanying the study but was not involved in the study itself.

加州大學(xué)舊金山分校婦產(chǎn)科教授達(dá)納·戈塞特說(shuō)，過(guò)去50年里，爽身粉使用率有所下降，但對(duì)一些女性來(lái)說(shuō)，使用爽身粉仍是一種常規(guī)做法。她為這項(xiàng)研究寫(xiě)了一篇社論，但沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究。

"Women have used powders for genital hygiene for decades to absorb odor and moisture," she says.

她說(shuō):“幾十年來(lái)，女性一直用爽身粉來(lái)清潔生殖器，吸收異味和水分。”

Earlier investigations of an association between the use of talc-containing powders for genital hygiene and epithelial ovarian cancer risks have provided inconsistent results, says Gossett and have resulted in an "ongoing controversy." Concerns have been raised about possible contamination of mineral talc with asbestos, a known cancer risk.

戈塞特說(shuō)，早先對(duì)生殖器衛(wèi)生使用含爽身粉與上皮性卵巢癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間關(guān)系的調(diào)查提供了不一致的結(jié)果，并導(dǎo)致了“持續(xù)的爭(zhēng)議”。人們擔(dān)心礦物爽身粉可能會(huì)被石棉污染，這是一種已知的致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Researchers say it's been hypothesized that the powder could induce an inflammatory response by irritating epithelial ovarian tissue or fallopian tubes directly which, in turn, could set off a cascade of increased oxidative stress levels, DNA damage and cell division, all of which could contribute to carcinogenesis.

研究人員表示，據(jù)推測(cè)，這種粉末可能會(huì)通過(guò)直接刺激卵巢上皮組織或輸卵管而引發(fā)炎癥反應(yīng)，進(jìn)而可能引發(fā)氧化應(yīng)激水平上升、DNA損傷和細(xì)胞分裂的級(jí)聯(lián)反應(yīng)，所有這些都可能導(dǎo)致癌癥的發(fā)生。

Gossett says the new study finding "doesn't really support any association [of powder use with ovarian cancer]."

戈塞特說(shuō)，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“并不真正支持(使用爽身粉與卵巢癌之間的)任何聯(lián)系”。

"No study can ever say definitively what the cause of cancer is, but this study at least shows there's not a substantial increase in ovarian cancer risk," she says.

她說(shuō):“沒(méi)有一項(xiàng)研究能確定癌癥的病因，但這項(xiàng)研究至少表明，卵巢癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)沒(méi)有顯著增加。”