黃石超級(jí)火山爆發(fā)可能“導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)滅絕”

黃石超級(jí)火山爆發(fā)可能“導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)滅絕”

The eruption of a “supervolcano” underneath Yellowstone National Park would be like nothing humanity has ever seen, according to an op-ed from The New York Times.

據(jù)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的一篇專(zhuān)欄報(bào)道，黃石國(guó)家公園下的一座“超級(jí)火山”的爆發(fā)，將是人類(lèi)從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的。

There are 20 supervolcanoes on Earth that represent that greatest natural threat to human life, writes journalist and “End Times” author Bryan Walsh.

“地球上有20座超級(jí)火山，代表著對(duì)人類(lèi)生命最大的自然威脅。”記者和“末日”作家布賴(lài)恩沃爾什寫(xiě)道。

The Yellowstone supervolcano is an eight out of eight on the Volcanic Explosivity Index but has only erupted three times in the last 2.1 million years. The last eruption was 640,000 years ago.

黃石超級(jí)火山是火山爆發(fā)指數(shù)上八分之八的超級(jí)火山，但在過(guò)去的210萬(wàn)年中只爆發(fā)過(guò)三次。上次噴發(fā)是64萬(wàn)年前。

Volcanologists predict an explosion could spread toxic gas all the way to the Midwest, ruining crops and knocking out power, according to Walsh. He adds that a toxic cloud blocking the sun could cause much colder temperatures in the United States for years.

沃爾什說(shuō)，火山學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，一次爆炸可能會(huì)把有毒氣體一路擴(kuò)散到中西部，毀壞農(nóng)作物，切斷電力供應(yīng)。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，阻擋太陽(yáng)的有毒云團(tuán)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致美國(guó)多年來(lái)氣溫更低。

The European Science Foundation said it would be “the greatest catastrophe since the dawn of civilization,” according to Walsh.

據(jù)沃爾什說(shuō)，歐洲科學(xué)基金會(huì)稱(chēng)之為“文明誕生以來(lái)最大的災(zāi)難”。

He says that supervolcanoes represent an “ultra-catastrophe” that “could lead to global devastation, even human extinction.”

他說(shuō)，超級(jí)火山代表著一場(chǎng)“超級(jí)災(zāi)難”，“可能導(dǎo)致全球毀滅，甚至人類(lèi)滅絕”。

Other examples are an asteroid, and nuclear or biological warfare. He suggests that although an eruption in our lifetime is unlikely, one could decimate the planet.

其他能與之抗衡的只有行星碰撞，核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或生物戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。他認(rèn)為，盡管我們有生之年不太可能遭遇火山爆發(fā)，但一旦爆發(fā)即有可能導(dǎo)致地球毀滅。

“There will probably never be a year in which no one dies in an aviation accident, but there will definitely never be a year in which 10 percent of the global population dies in a single plane crash,” Walsh writes for comparison, arguing that the government should spend more on volcano hazard programs.

“可能永遠(yuǎn)會(huì)有一年沒(méi)有人死于航空事故,但肯定不會(huì)在過(guò)去一年里,10%的全球人口死于一次飛機(jī)失事,”沃爾什為比較,認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該在火山危害項(xiàng)目上投入更多的資金。

The Federal Aviation Administration spends more than $7 billion each year on aviation safety compared to $22 million on volcano programs, “even though supervolcanoes, viewed over the longest of the long term, will kill far more people than plane crashes,” he writes.

聯(lián)邦航空管理局每年在航空安全上的花費(fèi)超過(guò)70億美元，而火山計(jì)劃上的花費(fèi)為2200萬(wàn)美元，“盡管從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，超級(jí)火山會(huì)比飛機(jī)墜毀造成更多人死亡”。

Walsh closes by saying that we have the power to help prevent these catastrophic disasters but “because we remain confined to the brief human time horizons of our own experience, we treat them as unreal.”

沃爾什最后說(shuō)，我們有能力幫助預(yù)防這些災(zāi)難性發(fā)生，但“因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)匀痪窒抻谖覀冏陨矶虝旱娜祟?lèi)時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)，所以我們將它們視為不真實(shí)的。”

“In doing so,” he writes, “we leave ourselves vulnerable to what we can’t imagine.”

“這樣做，”他寫(xiě)道，“容易讓我們受到無(wú)法想象的傷害。”