報告發(fā)現，溫室氣體達到創(chuàng)紀錄水平

報告發(fā)現，溫室氣體達到創(chuàng)紀錄水平

The dominant greenhouse gases released into the Earth's atmosphere reached record levels in 2018, and their global warming power is now 43% stronger than in 1990, according to a new report by the American Meteorological Society released Monday.

美國氣象學會(American Meteorological Society)周一發(fā)布的一份新報告顯示，2018年，排放到地球大氣中的主要溫室氣體達到創(chuàng)紀錄水平，它們的全球變暖力量比1990年強43%。

The State of the Climate in 2018 study also reported other key findings:

2018年的氣候狀況研究還報告了其他重要發(fā)現:

· 2018 was the fourth-warmest year on record. The three other warmest years were 2015, 2016 and 2017, with 2016 as the warmest year since records first began being kept in the mid-1800s.

2018年是有記錄以來氣溫第四高的一年。另外三個最熱的年份是2015年、2016年和2017年，其中2016年是自19世紀中期有記錄以來最熱的一年。

· Sea levels rose to record levels for a seventh consecutive year.

海平面連續(xù)第七年升至歷史最高水平。

· Glaciers continue to melt at a concerning rate for the 30th straight year.

冰川繼續(xù)以令人擔憂的速度融化，這已經是連續(xù)30年了。

"Every year since the start of the 21st Century has been warmer than the 1981-2010 average," the report said. "In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere -- carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide -- continued to increase and reach new record highs."

報告稱:“自21世紀初以來，每年的氣溫都高于1981年至2010年的平均水平。”“2018年，排放到地球大氣中的主要溫室氣體——二氧化碳、甲烷和一氧化二氮——繼續(xù)增加，并達到新的歷史高點。”

In fact, the report found greenhouse gases warming influence on the planet have increased an alarming 43% since 1990. Global carbon dioxide concentrations, which represent the bulk of the gases warming power, rose during 2018 to a record 407.4 parts per million, the study found. That is "the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800,000 years," the report said.

事實上，該報告發(fā)現，自1990年以來，溫室氣體對地球變暖的影響已經驚人地增長了43%。研究發(fā)現，全球二氧化碳濃度在2018年升至創(chuàng)紀錄的407.4 ppm。二氧化碳濃度占全球變暖動力的大部分。報告稱，這是“80萬年前現代儀器記錄和冰核記錄中最高的”。

The report was led by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Centers for Environmental Information and was based on contributions from more than 475 scientists from 57 countries.

該報告由美國國家海洋和大氣管理局的環(huán)境信息中心牽頭，基于來自57個國家的475多名科學家的貢獻。

Scientists used tens of thousands of measurements from multiple independent datasets to reach their findings.

科學家們使用了來自多個獨立數據集的數萬次測量數據來得出他們的發(fā)現。

"This is yet another in a series of expert, science-based reports that continue to sound the alarm about the climate crisis," said Marshall Shepherd, a professor of Geography and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Georgia. He is also a former president of the American Meteorological Society.

佐治亞大學地理和大氣科學教授馬歇爾·謝潑德(Marshall Shepherd)說:“這是一系列以科學為基礎的專家報告中的又一份，這些報告繼續(xù)敲響氣候危機的警鐘。”他也是美國氣象學會的前任主席。

Shepherd went on to say that the "climate change is clearly seen now in our weather, agriculture productivity, water supply challenges, public health, and even national security concerns."

謝潑德接著說，“在我們的天氣、農業(yè)生產力、供水挑戰(zhàn)、公共衛(wèi)生上，甚至國家安全問題上上氣候變化清晰可見。”

"The findings from their State of the Climate report rises above some blog or opinion on social media," Shepherd said. "Through the process of science, they are sounding an alarm about the 'here-and-now' climate crises."

謝潑德說:“他們對氣候狀況報告的發(fā)現超越了一些博客或社交媒體上的觀點。”“通過科學的進程，他們?yōu)?lsquo;此時此刻’氣候危機敲響了警鐘。”

Sea levels continue to rise

海平面持續(xù)上升

Monday's report found that global annual sea levels rose for the seventh consecutive year and hit a record high for the 26 years since satellite.

周一的報告發(fā)現，全球海平面連續(xù)第七年上升，并創(chuàng)下衛(wèi)星發(fā)射以來26年來的新高

"The new high reflects an ongoing trend," the report said. "Ongoing trends and year-to-year changes in sea level impact coastal communities by increasing the magnitude and frequency of positive sea level extremes that cause flooding and erosion."

報告稱:“這一新高反映出一種持續(xù)的趨勢。”“持續(xù)的趨勢和海平面年復一年的變化，通過增加海平面極端現象的程度和頻率(這種極端現象可導致洪水和侵蝕)，對沿海社區(qū)產生影響。”