英語(yǔ)名人堂：凱薩查維斯

凱薩查維斯 (Cesar Chavez) 是一位墨西哥裔美國(guó)勞工運(yùn)動(dòng)者，也是聯(lián)合農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人聯(lián)盟的領(lǐng)袖二十世紀(jì)時(shí)，他是農(nóng)場(chǎng)季節(jié)工人(migrant farm workers：為找工作四處遷徙的人)的主要發(fā)聲人。他堅(jiān)忍的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力讓全國(guó)人民注意到勞工的工作環(huán)境有多糟糕，最后，他們的工作環(huán)境終于因此而獲得改善。

Cesar Chavez was a Mexican-American labour leader and civil rights activist. He was a farm worker who co-founded the biggest farm workers’ union in the USA and improved the working conditions of thousands of farm labourers. Many see him as one of America’s greatest civil rights leaders. More and more US states are honoring him by making his birthday a holiday.

Chavez was born in Arizona in 1927 to farm worker parents. His childhood was very tough because of the poverty caused by the Great Depression. Chavez was a natural leader and in 1952 he became an administrator in the Latino civil rights group the Community Service Organization. He travelled throughout California urging Mexican Americans to vote and speaking about workers’ rights.

In 1962, Chavez co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) with Dolores Huerta. His first success was to lead a California grape pickers strike for better wages. The strike lasted five years and attracted the attention of Robert Kennedy. The NFWA won its first major labour victory for American farm workers. Chavez moved on to campaign for the rights of other farm workers.

The NFWA developed into the United Farm Workers. Chavez led marches and encouraged farm workers across America to join together. He helped them strike and organize boycotts. In the 1980s he fasted to draw public attention to the dangerous use of pesticides. Chavez died in 1993 of natural causes. Ten years later, America honoured him with a postage stamp.

1 activist

n.活動(dòng)分子，積極分子

參考例句：

He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年來(lái)他一直是工會(huì)的積極分子。

He is a social activist in our factory.他是我廠的社會(huì)活動(dòng)積極分子。

2 administrator

n.經(jīng)營(yíng)管理者，行政官員

參考例句：

The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政職務(wù)耗掉本很多精力。

He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表現(xiàn)出管理才能。

3 boycotts

(對(duì)某事物的)抵制( boycott的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )

參考例句：

Their methods included boycotts and court action, supplemented by'sit-ins". 他們的主要方法包括聯(lián)合抵制、法庭起訴，還附帶進(jìn)行靜坐抗議。

Are boycotts for other purposes illegal? 至于用于其它目的的聯(lián)合抵制行動(dòng)是否也是非法的呢?

4 pesticides

n.殺蟲劑( pesticide的名詞復(fù)數(shù) );除害藥物

參考例句：

vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用殺蟲劑種植的蔬菜

There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人們對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)上滅草劑和殺蟲劑的用量非常擔(dān)憂。 來(lái)自《簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典》