英語(yǔ)名人堂：羅伯特·加布里埃爾·穆加貝

羅伯特·加布里埃爾·穆加貝(Robert Gabriel Mugabe，1924年2月21日-)，現(xiàn)任津巴布韋總統(tǒng)。

羅伯特·加布里埃爾·穆加貝生于南羅得西亞索爾茲伯里市(津巴布韋首都哈拉雷);早年就讀于南非赫爾堡大學(xué)，獲文學(xué)學(xué)士和教育學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，后通過(guò)函授獲倫敦大學(xué)法律碩士和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。曾任不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動(dòng)首腦會(huì)議主席、英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家首腦會(huì)議主席和南部非洲前線國(guó)家主席，并獲1989年度國(guó)際理解尼赫魯獎(jiǎng)。

Robert Mugabe has served as Zimbabwe’s leader since 1980. He was Prime Minister from 1980 to 1987 and has been President since 1987. He became a hero across Africa after leading rebel forces to victory against white minority rule in the 1970s. In recent years, many have accused him of ruling with an iron fist and destroying his country’s economy and democracy.

Mugabe was born in 1924 in what was then the British colony Rhodesia. He was described as a loner at school who preferred his own company. Mugabe left Rhodesia to continue his education. On his travels, he met many influential African leaders and politicians. He earned a total of five Bachelor’s and two Master’s degrees from different universities around the world.

Mugabe joined the Zimbabwe African National Union in 1963. A year later he was arrested for making a “subversive speech” in which he called for greater equality for blacks. He spent the next ten years in prison. From 1975, Mugabe led the resistance against white rule. He won the general election in 1980 and changed his country’s colonial name.

Mugabe spent his first seven years in power trying to control bitter fighting between rival groups. He crushed opposition forces in 1987. Zimbabwe under Mugabe has slipped from being the breadbasket of Africa to one of the world’s poorest countries. Mugabe blames his country’s woes on the actions of its former colonizers. Many in Zimbabwe and around the world accuse him of being a dictator.