英語名人堂：蒂姆·伯納斯·李

蒂莫西·約翰·“蒂姆”·伯納·李爵士(Tim Berners-Lee)，OM，KBE，F(xiàn)RS，F(xiàn)REng，F(xiàn)RSA，(Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee，1955年6月8日-)，英國計算機科學(xué)家。他是萬維網(wǎng)的發(fā)明者，麻省理工學(xué)院教授。1990年12月25日，羅伯特·卡里奧在CERN和他一起成功通過Internet實現(xiàn)了HTTP代理與服務(wù)器的第一次通訊。

萬維網(wǎng)聯(lián)盟(W3C)是伯納斯·李為關(guān)注萬維網(wǎng)發(fā)展而創(chuàng)辦的組織，并擔(dān)任萬維網(wǎng)聯(lián)盟的主席。他也是萬維網(wǎng)基金會的創(chuàng)辦人。伯納斯-李還是麻省理工學(xué)院計算機科學(xué)及人工智能實驗室創(chuàng)辦主席及高級研究員。同時，伯納斯-李是網(wǎng)頁科學(xué)研究倡議會的總監(jiān)。最后，他是麻省理工學(xué)院集體智能中心咨詢委員會成員。

2004年，英女皇伊麗莎白二世向伯納斯·李頒發(fā)大英帝國爵級司令勛章。2009年4月，他獲選為美國國家科學(xué)院外籍院士。在2012年夏季奧林匹克運動會開幕典禮上，他獲得了“萬維網(wǎng)發(fā)明者”的美譽。伯納斯·李本人也參與了開幕典禮，在一臺NeXT計算機前工作。他在Twitter上發(fā)表消息說：“這是給所有人的”，體育館內(nèi)的LCD光管隨即顯示出文字來。

Sir Timothy Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who invented the World Wide Web. He received a knighthood from the British Queen for his efforts (so he is called ‘Sir’). He is director of W3C, which looks after the Web’s development. A leading British newspaper ranked him as the world’s greatest living genius. Today’s world would be very different without his discovery.

Berners-Lee was born in 1955 to parents who were mathematicians and computer scientists. He grew up with numbers and electronics and managed to build his own computer. He went toOxford University and was banned from using the computers for hacking. Berners-Lee graduated with a degree in physics. His first jobs after graduating were as a computer programmer and software developer.

Berners-Lee spent the 1980s on a project based on sharing and updating information online. In 1991, he put the first website online. It explained what the World Wide Web was and how it was used. He gave his idea to the world for free. In 1994, Berners-Lee founded W3C to set standards and improve the quality of the Web.

Berners-Lee now spends his time between W3C and as a professor of computer science in England. He also writes about the future of the Web. In 2004, he was named as the first ever winner of theMillennium Technology Prize. He has a string of other awards and is listed as one of ‘Time’ magazine’s 100 most important people of the 20th Century.