探險家朵拉的持久影響

探險家朵拉的持久影響

Dora the Explorer is one of the most recognized Latinx characters on TV. She debuted on Nickelodeon almost 20 years ago. This past weekend, Dora moved to the big screen, in Dora and the Lost City of Gold.

探險家朵拉是電視上最知名的拉丁人之一。她大概在20年前首次在尼克國際兒童頻道亮相。上周末，朵拉轉(zhuǎn)到大銀幕上，出演了《朵拉與丟失的黃金城》。

In the late 1990s, Chris Gifford and two others were tasked with brainstorming the next hit on Nick Jr. After moving through various animals, they decided on a young girl who would go on adventures and ask the audience of preschoolers at home for help.

在20世紀(jì)90年代末，克里斯·吉福德和另外兩個人的任務(wù)是為小尼克的下一部作品進行頭腦風(fēng)暴。在了解了各種動物之后，他們決定選擇一個年輕的女孩去冒險，并向家里的學(xué)齡前兒童觀眾尋求幫助。

Originally, they imagined the girl would be white. But months into developing the show, the creative head at Nickelodeon, Brown Johnson, went to a conference where she learned that of the 80 prime-time characters under the age of 18, not a single one was Latinx. She came back and declared that the show they were working on would now feature a Latina.

起初，他們把這個女孩構(gòu)思成白人。但在節(jié)目制作幾個月后，尼克國際兒童頻道的創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)布朗約翰遜參加了一個會議，在會上她了解到，在黃金時段的80個18歲以下的角色中，沒有一個是拉丁裔。她回來后宣布，他們正在制作的節(jié)目將由一位拉丁裔人為主演。

Eric Weiner, another creator of the show, says, "At the time, Pat Buchanan was running for president, spewing all this hatred about, 'We don't want Spanish speakers in our country.' So this idea of not building barriers gave extra meaning and heart and urgency to the mission of the show."

該節(jié)目的另一位創(chuàng)作者埃里克·韋納說，“當(dāng)時，帕特·布坎南正在競選總統(tǒng)，他表達了對‘我們的國家不需要說西班牙語的人’的仇恨。因此，這種不設(shè)置障礙的想法為這部劇的使命賦予了額外的意義、核心和緊迫性。”

The creators behind Dora set out to empower Latinx kids and normalize bilingualism. But they were all white. So they brought in consultants like Carlos Cortes, a professor from the University of California, Riverside. Cortes helped with cultural sensitivity and answered big questions, like where Dora should be from.

朵拉的創(chuàng)造者們開始賦予拉丁裔兒童更多權(quán)利，并使雙語能力正常化。但他們都是白人。因此，他們請來了像加州大學(xué)河濱分校教授卡洛斯·科爾特斯這樣的顧問?？茽柼厮乖谖幕舾行苑矫嫣峁椭?，并回答了一些重大問題，比如朵拉應(yīng)該來自哪里。

"Someone came up with the idea we should make her very embedded in one culture — Mexican or Puerto Rican or Cuban or what have you," says Cortes. But they couldn't agree which culture.

科爾特斯說:“有人提出了一個想法，我們應(yīng)該讓她深深融入一種文化——墨西哥文化或波多黎各文化或古巴文化等等。”但他們無法就哪種文化達成一致。

And so finally, Dora the Explorer, with her signature bob and pink shirt, aired on television screens for the first time on Aug. 14, 2000. Within less than a year, the show became the top commercial hit for preschoolers ages 2 to 5.

最后，2000年8月14日，愛探險的朵拉，擁有其標(biāo)志性波波頭，粉色襯衫，首次在電視屏幕上亮相。在不到一年的時間里，該節(jié)目成為了2至5歲學(xué)齡前兒童最受歡迎的商業(yè)節(jié)目。

Almost 20 years after her creation, Dora is now being re-imagined as a teenager (played by Isabela Moner) in a live action film. In it, she sets off to find treasure in a fictional Inca city called Parapata.

在朵拉被創(chuàng)作的近20年后，她現(xiàn)在在一部真人電影中被重新塑造成一個少女(伊莎貝拉·莫納飾)。在這部小說中，她出發(fā)去一個虛構(gòu)的印加城市Parapata尋找寶藏。

"Parapata is a name in Quechua, which means 'the rainy hill,' " says Americo Mendoza-Mori, a consultant on the film, who teaches Quechua at the University of Pennsylvania.

在賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)教授蓋丘亞語的電影顧問阿莫林門扎-莫里說:“Parapata是蓋丘亞語中的一個名字，意思是‘多雨的山’。”

While Dora, the character, continues to be pan-Latina, the film grounds her in an actual geographical location: the Amazon rainforest. "We also want to use the movie as an opportunity to incorporate many aspects of this Andean knowledge." says Mendoza-Mori.

雖然多拉這個角色仍然是泛拉丁裔，但電影將她置于一個真實的地理位置:亞馬遜雨林。“我們也想利用這部電影作為一個機會，把關(guān)于安第斯山脈的知識的許多方面融合在一起。” 門扎-莫里說。

Mexican actor Eugenio Derbez, who also served as an executive producer on the film, says, "I think Dora is an icon for kids, especially now that Latinos are being so, let's say, harassed by this administration."

墨西哥演員歐亨尼奧德伯茲同時也是這部電影的執(zhí)行制片人，他說:“我認為朵拉是孩子們的偶像，尤其是現(xiàn)在被政府騷擾的拉丁美洲人。”

The original team members behind Dora say they never expected anti-immigrant rhetoric to become so central to the American political discourse. "We hope that we had an impact on little kids who saw a character who spoke a different language or had a different skin color than they did," says Gifford.

朵拉最初的團隊成員表示，他們從未想到反移民言論會成為美國政治談話的核心。吉福德說:“我們希望能對孩子們產(chǎn)生一種影響，當(dāng)他們看到一個人說不同的語言，或者與他們有著不同的膚色的時候。”