GRE閱讀難句類型復(fù)雜修飾

　　The physicist rightly dreads preciseargument,since an argument that is　convincingonly if it is precise loses all its force if theassumptions on　which it is based are slightlychanged,whereas an argument that is convincingthough imprecise may well be stable under smallperturbations of its underlying assumptions. (5+)

　　物理學(xué)家恐懼于那些精確無誤的論據(jù)不無道理，因?yàn)槟撤N只有在它是精確無誤的條件下才令人置信的論據(jù)，一旦它賴于建立其上的假設(shè)稍有變化，便會(huì)失去它一部的作用;而與此相反，一個(gè)盡管并不精確無誤但卻令人置信的論據(jù)，在其基本假設(shè)(underlying assumption)稍微受干擾的情況下，仍然有可能是站得住腳的。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾

　　解釋：本句在文章中就是一個(gè)自然段，雖然長度比不上前面第一章中所舉的那個(gè)長達(dá)10行的例子，但是難度絕不在那句話之下。本句堪稱句子的大雜燴，連主句帶從句居然一共有八個(gè)。從大往小說，由whereas連接了兩個(gè)大句子，whereas后面的句子中的主語an augument之后又跟了一個(gè)定語從句that is convincingthough imprecise, 修飾augument.whereas前面共有六個(gè)句子，由the physicist作主語的主句;由since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，修飾since從句中主語an augument的由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，此定語從句中的條件狀語從句only if it is precise; since從句中的條件狀語從句if the assumptions on which it is based areslightly changed,以及修飾此從句中的主語assumptions的定語從句on which it is based一共八個(gè)句子，從句套從句，實(shí)在令人嘆為觀止。

　　然而，在考試現(xiàn)場去數(shù)句子的數(shù)目，是只有呆子才會(huì)干的事，讀者們惟一要干的事就是反復(fù)閱讀這句話，什么時(shí)候練到不必去想其語法結(jié)構(gòu)就能按原文順序讀懂，才算初步掌握;再進(jìn)一步把它讀順，直到你看不出這個(gè)句子有什么特別的地方，看上去還挺舒服就算訓(xùn)練成功。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that isconvincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based areslightly changed, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well bestable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions.

　　Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances,authors react to thosecircumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and stories primarily asinstruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.(4)

　　雖然小說無疑起源于政治情狀，但其作者則是以非意識形態(tài)的方式對這些政治情狀作出反應(yīng)的，而將小說和故事主要地當(dāng)作意識形態(tài)的工具來探討，會(huì)在相當(dāng)程度上阻礙小說事業(yè)。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾

　　解釋：本句從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)上來講，惟一的難度在于and之后的句子的主語talking about novels andstories primarily as instruments ofideology太長，以至于看到謂語circumvent的時(shí)候已經(jīng)搞不清楚主謂了。更大的難度恐怕還在于對兩個(gè)詞匯的理解circumvent和enterprise.我們以前所背過的circumvent有兩個(gè)詞義，一個(gè)是規(guī)避，一是以計(jì)謀戰(zhàn)勝，但是這兩種意思放到此處都顯然不通;其實(shí)circumvent有一個(gè)我們沒有背過的最常用的意思是包圍、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企業(yè)，這里的指事業(yè)。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors reactto those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and storiesprimarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.

　　However,as they gained cohesion,the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as awomen's group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres,whoremained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. (4-)

　　起初，藍(lán)襪女們確實(shí)模仿了法國沙龍女主人，將男性襄括到其小圈子中來。然則，隨著她們獲得的凝聚力，她們漸趨將自己視作一女性團(tuán)體，并擁有了一種婦女團(tuán)結(jié)意識，而這種意識在法國沙龍女主人身上則蕩然無存，因?yàn)樗齻兠總€(gè)人在其自己的沙龍中自視甚高而彼此孤立隔絕開來。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾

　　解釋：本句讀到表示并列的連詞and開始變難。and之后的不定式與前面的不定式是并列的，to的前面省略了一個(gè)與前面一樣的謂語came.　lacking之后的分詞作定語修飾a sense of female solidarity其后的由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句又修飾逗號前面的salonnieres此從句中又有一個(gè)定語從句that each salonniere heldin her own salon修飾其前的primacy,但是由于引導(dǎo)詞that在從句中作賓語，因此被省略。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：However, as they gained cohesion, the Bluestocking came to regard themselvesas a women's group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres, who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon.