GRE閱讀長(zhǎng)難句解析：人類形態(tài)的對(duì)比

　　1. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the "details" versus "constraints" distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?

　　以下哪一個(gè)選項(xiàng)最有可能為文章中所談到的與人類行為有關(guān)的“人類行為細(xì)節(jié)”相對(duì)“人類所受限制”之間的差異，從人類形態(tài)的角度上提供了一個(gè)合適的類比?

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞

　　解釋：本句子在所有GRE或GMAT閱讀題的題干中是最難讀懂的題干之一。本句不但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，而且用詞抽象，使得讀者如果想根據(jù)語義來搞清楚誰修飾誰，也變得極為困難。分析如下：本句的主干是Which of the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraints distinction? Versus是一個(gè)介詞，等于against,即體育比賽中的VS。其他的所有成分均是一些修飾成分。其中一個(gè)對(duì)答題最重要的限制條件是from human morphology,　說明這種類比的比較雙方所比的必須是人類形態(tài)上的特征。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the "details" versus "constraints" distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?

　　2. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.

　　在存在大量食草動(dòng)物的同時(shí)卻只有少量的水藻花粉囊，這暗示出——但沒能證明——食草動(dòng)物已吞噬了大部分水藻。

　　難句類型：插入語

　　解釋：本句主語很長(zhǎng)，而且謂語suggested與that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句間被插入語but did not prove隔開，造成閱讀障礙。當(dāng)suggest與but did not prove連在一起使用的時(shí)候，其意思不是建議，而是指一種基于主觀臆測(cè)的推理，中文翻譯成“暗示”。其英文釋義為：to call to mind by though or association the explosion suggested sabotage。GRE、GMAT及LSAT文章中，常用suggest,but do not prove來描述一種沒有真憑實(shí)據(jù)、可能有問題的理論，然后在后面的敘述中把它否定掉。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.