VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：什么是“炸彈旋風(fēng)”?

What Is a 'Bomb Cyclone?'

什么是“炸彈旋風(fēng)”?

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這里是今日熱點(diǎn)節(jié)目。

When it comes to weather, it is hard to sound more frightening than to call a storm a "bomb cyclone."

談到天氣，很難聽(tīng)到什么比“炸彈旋風(fēng)”更可怕的了。

But that is how weather experts are describing a huge winter storm that is hitting the U.S. East Coast this week.

但是氣象專家正以此形容本周正在沖擊美國(guó)東海岸的一場(chǎng)冬季大風(fēng)暴。

From the northern state of Maine to Georgia in the south, the storm has brought high winds and heavy snow. Schools and government offices have closed because of the weather and thousands of flights have been cancelled.

從北部的緬因州到南部的喬治亞州，這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴帶來(lái)了狂風(fēng)和暴雪。學(xué)校和政府部門因?yàn)樘鞖庠蜿P(guān)門，還有數(shù)千趟航班被取消。

But as fearsome as the storm is, it probably will not be as "explosive" as the name sounds.

但是雖然風(fēng)暴很可怕，它可能卻沒(méi)有這個(gè)名字聽(tīng)上去那么“具有爆炸性”。

Weather experts, or meteorologists, have used the term "bomb" for storms for many years. The word has a clear definition for weather experts, says University of Oklahoma meteorology professor Jason Furtado.

氣象學(xué)家多年來(lái)一直把“炸彈旋風(fēng)”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)用于表示風(fēng)暴。俄克拉荷馬大學(xué)氣象學(xué)教授Jason Furtado表示，對(duì)氣象學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)詞有著明確定義。

After "bomb cyclone" appeared in a Washington Post story this week, the weather term became popular, or "blew up," on social media. It became a top trending topic. The same thing happened four years ago with the phrase "polar vortex" -- another long-used weather term that was not well known to the public.

在本周《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的一則新聞中出現(xiàn)“炸彈旋風(fēng)”之后，這個(gè)氣象術(shù)語(yǔ)在社交媒體上流行開(kāi)來(lái)，成為了一個(gè)熱門話題。同樣的情況發(fā)生在4年前，當(dāng)時(shí)是“基地漩渦”這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，這是另一個(gè)不為公眾熟知的長(zhǎng)期使用的氣象術(shù)語(yǔ)。

The technical term is "Bombogenesis." Bomb cyclone is a shorter way of saying it, which is better for social media, says meteorologist Ryan Maue. He helped popularize "polar vortex" in 2014.

氣象學(xué)家Ryan Maue表示，專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)是“Bombogenesis”，炸彈旋風(fēng)是它的簡(jiǎn)稱，當(dāng)然這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)稱更適合社交媒體。他在2014年幫助“基地漩渦”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)得到了普及。

Although "bomb cyclone" sounds bad, Maue notes, nothing will actually explode.

雖然“炸彈旋風(fēng)”聽(tīng)上去不是什么好事，但是Maue指出，沒(méi)有什么會(huì)真的爆炸。

Storm strength is measured by central pressure. The lower the pressure, the stronger it is. A storm is considered a "bomb" when the pressure drops quickly -- at least 24 mililbars in 24 hours.

暴風(fēng)強(qiáng)度是通過(guò)中心氣壓來(lái)衡量的。中心壓力越低，風(fēng)暴越強(qiáng)。當(dāng)一場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴的中心氣壓迅速下降 -- 在24小時(shí)內(nèi)至少下降24毫巴(百帕)，它就被認(rèn)為是“炸彈旋風(fēng)”。

This week's storm in the United States is expected to strengthen at two times that rate, says Bob Oravec. He is the lead forecaster at the National Weather Service's Weather Prediction Center.

Bob Oravec表示，美國(guó)本周的風(fēng)暴預(yù)計(jì)以該速度的兩倍增強(qiáng)。Oravec是美國(guó)國(guó)家氣象局天氣預(yù)報(bào)中心的首席預(yù)報(bào)員。

Around the world, about 40 to 50 bomb cyclones develop each year. However, most are over the open ocean and few people notice them.

全球每年大約會(huì)爆發(fā)四五十個(gè)“炸彈旋風(fēng)”。然而，其中大多數(shù)位于公海之上，很少有人會(huì)注意到它們。

"We use the term bomb," Furtado said. "We (weather experts) know what it means, but I do think it gets a little hyped up."

Furtado表示：“我們使用‘炸彈旋風(fēng)’這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，我們氣象專家懂它的意思，但我確實(shí)認(rèn)為它有點(diǎn)夸張。”

I'm Mario Ritter.

我是馬里奧·里特。