Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives to that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate-we can not consecrate we can not hallow-this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work, which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain-that this nation, under 6od, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
八十七年以前,我們的祖先在這塊大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個孕育于自由的新國家,他們主張人人生而平等,并為此而獻身。 現(xiàn)在我們正進行一場偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn),這是一場檢驗這一國家或者任何一個像我們這樣孕育于自由并信守其主張的國家是否能長久存在的戰(zhàn)爭。我們聚集在這場戰(zhàn)爭中一個偉大戰(zhàn)場上,將這個戰(zhàn)場上的一塊土地奉獻給那些在此地為了這個國家的生存而犧牲了自己生命的人,作為他們的最終安息之所。我們這樣做是完全適當(dāng)和正確的。 可是,從更廣的意義上說,我們并不能奉獻這塊土地- 我們不能使之神圣-我們也不能使之光榮。為那些在此地奮戰(zhàn)過的勇士們,不論是還活著的或是已死去的,已經(jīng)使這塊土地神圣了,遠非我們微薄的力量所能予以增減的。世人將不大會注意,更不會長久記住我們在這里所說的話,然而,他們將永遠不會忘記這些勇士們在這里所做的事。相反地,我們活著的人,應(yīng)該獻身于勇士們未竟的工作,那些曾在此戰(zhàn)斗過的人們已經(jīng)把這項工作英勇地向前推進了。我們應(yīng)該獻身于留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)-由于他們的光榮犧牲,我們會更加獻身于他們?yōu)橹瞰I了最后一切的事業(yè)-我們要下定決心使那些死去的人不致白白犧牲-們要使這個國家在上帝的庇佑下,獲得自由的新生-我們要使這個民有,民治,民享的政府不致從地球上消失
背景資料: 林肯在當(dāng)選美國第十六任總統(tǒng)后,由于其廢奴主義傾向,南方各州相繼宣布脫離聯(lián)邦,內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā),林肯總統(tǒng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民對南方叛軍作戰(zhàn)。1863年7月3日,聯(lián)邦軍在賓夕法尼亞州葛底斯堡的勝利樗著美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的關(guān)鍵轉(zhuǎn)折點。葛底斯堡戰(zhàn)役是一場流血最多的戰(zhàn)爭,聯(lián)邦軍共損失23000多人。四個月后林肯總統(tǒng)到葛底斯保戰(zhàn)場,為這場偉大戰(zhàn)役的陣亡將士墓舉行落成儀式。這篇演說是在1863年11月19日發(fā)表的。 林肯的葛底斯堡演說是美國文學(xué)中最漂亮、最富有詩意的文章之一,通篇演講不到三分鐘。雖然這是一篇慶祝軍事勝利的演說,但它沒有絲毫的好戰(zhàn)之氣;相反的,這是一篇感人肺腑的頌辭,贊美那些作出最后犧牲的人以及他們?yōu)橹I身的理想。在這篇演講中,林肯提出了深入人心的“民有、民治、民享”的口號,成為后人推崇民主政治的綱領(lǐng)。這篇演講被認為是英語演講中的最高典范,其演講手稿被藏于美國國會圖書館,其演說詞被鑄成金文,長存于牛津大學(xué)。