侏羅紀(jì)搏擊俱樂部 第19期:霸王龍的三個(gè)利器
如此體型的霸王龍是龐然巨物，不過現(xiàn)代科學(xué)揭示出了它的三個(gè)特征使之成為獵殺機(jī)器。
The first was his eyesight.
第一是它的視力。
In 2006, Dr. Lawrence Witmer of Ohio Universityscanned the brain cavity of a Tyrannosaurus Rex.
在2006年，俄亥俄大學(xué)的勞倫斯·維特莫博士掃描了一頭雷克斯暴龍的顱腔。
It's an important piece of the puzzle.
這是拼圖中的重要一塊。
We now know that T-Rex had powerful binocular vision.
現(xiàn)今我們知道霸王龍有著出色的雙目視覺。
From the CAT scan information, we can get a sense of the relative size of particular parts ofthe brain.
根據(jù)CT掃描的信息，我們能夠了解到大腦特定部分的相對(duì)大小。
The part of the brain associated with vision, the optic lobes,
包括與視覺相關(guān)的那部分大腦叫做視葉，
the part of the brain associated with the sense of smell, or the part of the brain associated withhearing.
與嗅覺相關(guān)的那部分大腦，或是與聽覺相關(guān)的部分。
Like an eagle, Tyrannosaurus Rex had binocular vision.
和鷹一樣，雷克斯暴龍也有雙目視覺。
This gave it the ability to maintain focus on a moving target.
這讓它能保持對(duì)移動(dòng)物體的聚焦。
In a fight, it had no trouble keeping its opponent with its line of sight.
在戰(zhàn)斗中，它能輕易地讓對(duì)手處于其視線之內(nèi)。
T-Rex almost certainly had a pretty good visual field overlap, meaning it had pretty extensivebinocular vision.
幾乎可以肯定，霸王龍視野有很大幅度的重疊，這意味著它有較強(qiáng)的雙目視覺。
What we see in the brain is that indeed the brain is structured to, in a sense, process that visualinformation.
我們看到的大腦構(gòu)造其實(shí)在一定程度上是用來處理這種視覺信息的。
Its second feature - tremendously powerful jaws.
它的第二個(gè)特點(diǎn)是異常有力的雙顎。
With a bite force of over 3,000 pounds per square inch, it's among the strongest in the animalkingdom, twice the strength of a Great White shark.
它的咬合力達(dá)到每平方厘米兩百多公斤，這在動(dòng)物王國(guó)里名列前茅，力度是大白鯊的兩倍。
What controlled the teeth and the damage those teeth inflicted were the jaw muscles, and T-Rex just has expanded the back of the skull.
它靠顎肌控制牙齒，用牙齒造成破壞，霸王龍的顱骨后部有明顯擴(kuò)展。
So it has a lot of musculature, so that it has the power to actually drive those teeth rightthrough bone.
所以它有很多肌肉組織，這樣能夠有力量驅(qū)使這些利齒咬穿骨頭。
This unbelievable power in its jaws separate it from all other dinosaurs and all the other livinganimals as well.
它的雙顎力量難以置信，這讓它不同于任何其它恐龍，也和所有現(xiàn)存動(dòng)物大相徑庭。
It's third, and most dangerous asset was its incredibly massive teeth.
它的第三個(gè)，也是最危險(xiǎn)的財(cái)富是它大得難以置信的牙齒。
No other creature, before or after, has ever had spikes designed like these.
像這樣的尖刺設(shè)計(jì)可謂前無古人，后無來者。
T-Rex had to use those teeth to crunch right through bone.
霸王龍要用這些牙齒壓碎骨頭。
And so it couldn't have narrow teeth the way the other carnivorous dinosaurs did.
所以它不能像其它肉食恐龍那樣擁有窄牙。
It had to make teeth that were really, really wide, and would have been incredibly damaging toanything that it bit.
它必須要有非常寬大的牙齒，使得被咬中的都會(huì)遭到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。
These are pulverizing teeth, these could pierce through flesh, they could shatter bone, andthey're anchored by extremely deep roots.
這些牙齒仿佛粉碎機(jī)一般，能夠撕開血肉，也能咬碎骨頭。這些牙的牙根非常之深。
They're unlike any other predatory dinosaur's tooth.
它們跟其它掠食恐龍的牙齒都不一樣。
Look at the tooth of any predatory dinosaur, Allosaurus, Ceratosaurus, even Raptors,
看看任何掠食恐龍的牙齒，異特龍、角鼻龍、甚至迅猛龍，
you'll find that their teeth are more blade-like and are serrated on front and back, verycommon.
就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們牙齒更像刀刃，前后都有鋸齒，這都很常見。
But look at the tooth of a Tyrannosaurus Rex and now you're looking at a railroad spike.
不過看看雷克斯暴龍的牙齒，就好像是鐵路道釘一般。
But those teeth may have held something even worse than just a massive bite.
不過這些牙齒也許還有比兇猛一咬更糟的功能。
