高中英語閱讀理解拓展之肢體語言

　　高中英語閱讀理解僅憑書本內(nèi)容很難有大的進(jìn)步，必須結(jié)合時事，進(jìn)行大量的課外閱讀，培養(yǎng)讀感，才能在英語卷面上拿到超出你本身詞匯量的得分，下面是小編整理的關(guān)于高中英語閱讀理解拓展之肢體語言的資料，非常適合用來反復(fù)閱讀，希望對你有所幫助!

　　

 

　　Body Language: It Speaks Louder Than Words

　　Keep your nose to the grindstone, shoulder the responsibility, be all ears when the customer speaks and you will have the boss wrapped around your little finger. Don't look down your nose at this handful of idioms, because they serve as an eye opener regarding body language's role in the depiction of ideas.

　　Body language is clearly central to good communication and is particularly important when attempting to communicate across cultural and language barriers. In fact, body language is more important to people from other cultures than it is to most Americans. To native-born Americans, the spoken word is by far the most important communication tool. In other cultures, however, the way words are spoken -- along with the gestures, posture and facial expressions that accompany those words -- is of greater significance.

　　Body language becomes still more important when there is a verbal language barrier. With the verbal message missing, the listener naturally relies on what is available. Fatigue and stress cause us to depend still more on physical cues. This is because fatigue and confusion interfere with the ability to understand a new language. As a result, the listener relies more and more on how something is said, and on the movements that accompany the message.

　　Those of you who have worked extensively with people from other cultures can, no doubt, tell many tales about how body language can contradict the spoken word. This is because the body is more articulate than words in communicating emotion. For example, the Asian American that says, "Yes," while lowering the eyes may mean, "No," but feel reluctant to disrupt the harmony of the relationship by directly saying so. In mainstream American culture, the folded arms of resolve, the grimace of pain or anger, the hand wringing of anxiety, are powerful communicators of emotions. Think about how much more convinced you are, for example, that a group of children are excited when they jump up and down than if they simply state, "We are very excited."

　　The tricky thing about body language is that we are often unaware of how we are reacting to it. We may, for example, form a negative judgment about someone because she slouches, won't look us in the eye or "talks with her hands." Because we are unaware of why we made the judgment, we are unable to filter out our biases about what body language means and what it tells us about an individual. By studying cultural variations in body language, we can learn to recognize the subtle differences that may inappropriately influence our judgment and interfere with good communication.

　　Finally -- and this is the fun part -- body language gives us clues to cultural style. Picture a southern European who is gesturing enthusiastically next to a more restrained Asian American, and you will see a clear contrast between an outgoing expressive culture and one which values physical understatement.

　　肢體語言：它比語言更響亮

　　埋頭苦干，負(fù)起責(zé)任，客戶說話時要全神貫注，老板就會纏著你的小指。不要小看這一小撮習(xí)語，因?yàn)樗鼈兡茏屇愦箝_眼界地了解肢體語言在表達(dá)思想中的作用。

　　肢體語言顯然是良好溝通的核心，在試圖跨越文化和語言障礙進(jìn)行溝通時尤為重要。事實(shí)上，肢體語言對其他文化的人來說比對大多數(shù)美國人來說更重要。對土生土長的美國人來說，口語是迄今為止最重要的交流工具。然而，在其他文化中，詞語的表達(dá)方式——以及伴隨這些詞語的手勢、姿勢和面部表情——具有更大的意義。

　　當(dāng)存在語言障礙時，身體語言變得更加重要。當(dāng)語言信息缺失時，聽者自然會依賴可用的信息。疲勞和壓力使我們更加依賴于身體的暗示。這是因?yàn)槠诤突靵y干擾了理解一門新語言的能力。結(jié)果，聽者越來越依賴于說話的方式，以及伴隨信息的動作。

　　毫無疑問，你們中那些與其他文化背景的人有過廣泛合作的人可以講很多關(guān)于肢體語言如何與口語相矛盾的故事。這是因?yàn)樯眢w比語言更能表達(dá)情感。例如，亞裔美國人說“是”，而降低眼睛可能意味著“不”，但不愿意破壞和諧的關(guān)系，直接這么說。在美國主流文化中，決心的雙臂合攏，痛苦或憤怒的表情，焦慮的捏手，都是情感的有力傳達(dá)者。想想你有多確信，例如，一群孩子在跳上跳下時會興奮，而不是簡單地說“我們非常興奮”

　　肢體語言的棘手之處在于，我們常常不知道自己對肢體語言的反應(yīng)。例如，我們可能會對某人形成負(fù)面的判斷，因?yàn)樗龖猩ⅲ豢次覀兊难劬?ldquo;用手說話”。因?yàn)槲覀儾恢罏槭裁次覀儠龀鲞@樣的判斷，我們無法過濾我們對身體語言的含義和它告訴我們的關(guān)于一個人的偏見。通過研究身體語言中的文化差異，我們可以學(xué)會識別細(xì)微的差異，這些差異可能會不適當(dāng)?shù)赜绊懳覀兊呐袛?，干擾良好的溝通。

　　最后——最有趣的部分——肢體語言為我們提供了文化風(fēng)格的線索。想象一個南歐人在一個更加克制的亞裔美國人旁邊熱情地打手勢，你會看到外向的表達(dá)文化和重視身體低調(diào)的文化之間的鮮明對比。