大學(xué)英語作文:英語四級閱讀訓(xùn)練4

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The table before which we sit may be, as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live. So remote is this “real” table——and most of the other “realities” with which science deals——that it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may receive our purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led, in contradistinction to life as we attempt it. Vibrations in the ether(以太) are so totally unlike the color, purple that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and purposes，not one but two separate things of which the second and less “real” must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute all objective reality to a non-existent thing which we called “purple”is more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency; so too the belief in God; however ill founded, has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of true the latter may be.We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may adopt what is essentially a Platonistic (布拉圖式的) trick of thought and insist upon postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human feeling and which, so we may insist, have their being in some part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is described as “truth of correspondence” and it is better perhaps, at least for those of us who have grown up in thought, to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that, though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it; that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-take place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.1. The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling difference between scientific truth and the world of illusion, the reader should____.A) try to rid himself of his world of illusionB) accept his words as being one of illusionC) apply the scientific methodD) learn to acknowledge both2. Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection, one may reasonably guess that the author is ____.A) a humanist B) a pantheist C) a nuclear physicist D) a doctor of medicine3. According to this passage, a scientist would conceive of a “table” as being ____.A) a solid motionless objectB) certain characteristic vibrations in “ether”C) a form fixed in space and timeD) a mass of atoms in motion4. The topic of this selection is____.A) the distortion of reality by scienceB) the confusion caused by emotionsC) Platonic and contemporary views of truthD) the place of scientific truth in our lives5. By “objective reality” (Last line, Para. 1) the author means____.A) scientific realityB) a symbolic existenceC) the viewer's experienceD) reality colored by emotion【答案與解析】1. B作者暗示為了聯(lián)系起科學(xué)世界和虛幻世界的不同點(diǎn)，把他的話當(dāng)作一種假相。間接題型段尾結(jié)論題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話，我們可推出B是正確答案。2. A由文章的觀點(diǎn)及語氣可推知作者是人文主義者。暗示推斷題。文中第一段第一句后半句提到“...but a solid and motionless object that we live”由此我們可以推出該作者是一位人文主義者。3. D根據(jù)文章，科學(xué)家相信“table”就是一群運(yùn)動(dòng)的原子。直接題型語義指代題。根據(jù)第一段第一 句的前半句“...but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms ...”我們可推出D是正確答案。4. D文章的主題為生活中科學(xué)真理的地位。段首主旨題。從第二段最后一句后半句“...that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.”我們可以推斷出本文只要講了科學(xué)真理在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的地位。因而答案應(yīng)選D。5. A對于作者，“objective reality”意味著科學(xué)現(xiàn)實(shí)。語義指代題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，我們可得知“objective reality”即科學(xué)現(xiàn)實(shí)的意思，因而，答案應(yīng)該選A。【重點(diǎn)英語單詞】 fleeting ['fli:tiadj. 飛逝的(疾馳的，短暫的，急走的)pattern ['pætn. 圖案，式樣，典范，模式，型v.conception [k'sep夂n. 概念，觀念，構(gòu)想，懷孕tone [tn. 音調(diào)，語氣，品質(zhì)，調(diào)子，色調(diào)vtmotionless ['m夂adj. 不動(dòng)的，靜止的frequency ['fri:kwn. 頻繁，頻率guilty ['gilti]adj. 有罪的，內(nèi)疚的objective ['d瘀adj. 客觀的，目標(biāo)的n. 目標(biāo)，目enrich [in'rit嶗vt. 使富足，使肥沃，添加元素sensation [sen'sei夂n. 感覺，感知力，激動(dòng)，轟動(dòng)