時(shí)差N小時(shí):音樂(lè)家能夠更好地辨認(rèn)情感

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唐：嗨，雅艾爾，有什么事嗎?

Yael: Well Don, I just got off the phone with myfriend. She's had a run of bad luck with relationships.She says that from now on she's only going to datemusicians!

雅艾爾：唐，我剛和朋友通完電話。她在感情上一直運(yùn)氣不好。她說(shuō)從現(xiàn)在起她只和音樂(lè)家約會(huì)!

Don: Why? She really loves music?

唐：為什么?她有那么愛(ài)音樂(lè)嗎?

Yael: No, that's not it. She thinks that somehowmusicians are better than non-musicians at understanding emotions. That seems a little far-fetched to me.

雅艾爾：不，不是這樣的。她覺(jué)得不管怎樣音樂(lè)家都比其他人更好地理解情感。這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)有點(diǎn)牽強(qiáng)。

Don: Actually Yael, there is some evidence that people with musical training are better atpicking out emotional cues in sound than people without the same musical background. Ateam of neuroscientists at Northwestern University compared the auditory brainstem responsesof musicians and non-musicians to different emotion-laden human sounds, like crying babies.The results were not exactly what the researchers expected. They found that musicians'brainstems paid attention to a more complex part of the sound known to carry moreemotional elements. But their brains tended to de-emphasize the simpler part of the sound,which carries less emotional content. This wasn't true for non-musicians. The more musicalexperience and training a musician had, the more their nervous systems seemed able toprocess emotion in sound. The auditory centers in their brainstems showed a greater responsethan those of the non-musicians to these complex sound cues.

唐：實(shí)際上雅艾爾，有證據(jù)證明受過(guò)音樂(lè)培訓(xùn)的人比沒(méi)有音樂(lè)背景的人，能更好地辨認(rèn)聲音的情感線索。西北大學(xué)的神經(jīng)科學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)比較了音樂(lè)家和非音樂(lè)家在聽(tīng)到不同人類(lèi)聲音時(shí)的聽(tīng)性腦干反應(yīng)。但結(jié)果并不像研究者所預(yù)期的那樣。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)音樂(lè)家的大腦腦干側(cè)重于關(guān)注聲音中較為復(fù)雜的部分，即攜帶更多情感因素的部分。并且他們的大腦傾向于不再重視帶有較少情感因素的簡(jiǎn)單的聲音。但對(duì)于非音樂(lè)家來(lái)說(shuō)并非如此。音樂(lè)家接受的聲樂(lè)訓(xùn)練越多，經(jīng)驗(yàn)越豐富，他們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)似乎更有能力處理聲音中的情緒。他們大腦腦干的視覺(jué)中心對(duì)復(fù)雜聲音的反應(yīng)比非音樂(lè)家更強(qiáng)烈。

Yael: Wow Don, that's really interesting. Those results seem to suggest that more experienceand expertise with sound can actually change how your brain works. Maybe my friend is ontosomething with her plan to only date musicians.

雅艾爾：哇，唐，這真是有趣啊。這些結(jié)果表明有更多聲樂(lè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)會(huì)改變一個(gè)人大腦的運(yùn)作方式。也許我朋友只與音樂(lè)家約會(huì)的計(jì)劃是靠譜的。

Don: Well, musicians might be better at hearing the emotions in your voice, but that doesn'tmean they're any better at knowing what to do about it!

唐：可能音樂(lè)家在聆聽(tīng)聲音方面確實(shí)表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀，但是這并不意味著他們知道該怎么做更好!