世界小史 第57期:象形文字

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 At Mycenae he discovered palaces and the tombs of kings, armor and shields, just as the Homeric songs had described them.

于是他在邁錫尼找到了國王們的宮殿和墓穴、盔甲和盾牌，一切都跟荷馬的歌里一樣。

And he found Troy, too, and dug there.

他也找到并挖掘了特洛伊。

And it turned out that it really had been destroyed by fire.

結(jié)果表明，它確實是被大火燒毀的。

But in all those tombs and palaces there wasn't one inscription1,

但是在墓穴和宮殿里沒有銘文，

so that for a long time no one could put a date to them until,

所以人們長期不知道，這究竟是什么時候發(fā)生的事，

one day, quite by chance, a ring was found in Mycenae that didn't come from there.

后來人們在邁錫尼偶然找到了一枚指環(huán)，它并不來自邁錫尼。

On it, in hieroglyphs2, was the name of an Egyptian king who had lived around 1,400 BC,

指環(huán)上有象形文字，是一個埃及國王的名字，這位國王生活在公元前1400年左右，

and had been the predecessor3 of Akhenaton, the great reformer.

他是大革新家埃赫那吞的前任國王。

Now at that time there was living in Greece,and on the many neighboring islands and shores, a warlike people who had amassed4 great treasures.

那就是說，在這個時期，在希臘和許多毗鄰的島嶼上居住著一個有著大量財富的好戰(zhàn)的部落。

Greece was not so much a kingdom as a collection of small fortified5 cities, each with its own palace and king.

當時希臘還不是一個統(tǒng)一的國家，只有一些小的城市要塞，每個城市有自己的宮殿和國王。