世界節(jié)假日博覽 第87期:國(guó)際爵士日

International Jazz Day is usually celebrated each year on May 23. It is one day of the year when people around the world can celebrate this great music form. Jazz started in the USA and is America's only indigenous art form. Music lovers and musicians around the globe go to concerts, hold celebrations, or simply get together and listen to their favourite jazz artists. International Jazz Day was started in 1991 by jazz musician and bandleader D. Michael Denny. He was on the Board of Directors of the New Jersey Jazz Society. His aim was for a global day of appreciation for jazz. His idea worked. It is now backed by the United Nations Jazz Society. This sponsors jazz workshops and encourages musicians to make a living from their music.
每年的5月23為國(guó)際爵士日。全球爵士迷可以盡情慶祝。爵士源于美國(guó)，它也是美國(guó)唯一一種本土藝術(shù)形式。全球的樂(lè)迷，音樂(lè)家會(huì)聽(tīng)演唱會(huì)，舉辦慶?；顒?dòng)，或僅僅是一起聆聽(tīng)爵士大師的經(jīng)典曲目。1991年，爵士音樂(lè)人，樂(lè)隊(duì)領(lǐng)袖邁克爾·丹尼發(fā)起了該節(jié)日。他曾是新澤西爵士樂(lè)學(xué)會(huì)理事成員。他的目標(biāo)就是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建屬于全球爵士樂(lè)的節(jié)日。他的想法最終成為了現(xiàn)實(shí)。如今，該節(jié)日獲得了聯(lián)合國(guó)爵士樂(lè)協(xié)會(huì)的大力支持。該組織發(fā)起爵士樂(lè)研討會(huì)，鼓勵(lì)音樂(lè)家以爵士樂(lè)為生。


Jazz originated at the beginning of the 20th century in the Southern United States. It is a combination of African and European music styles. It has a strong influence from West African traditional music. One expert said jazz differed from European music because it has “a special relationship to time, defined as 'swing' and a spontaneity and vitality of musical production in which improvisation plays a role“. It is unclear exactly where the word “jazz” came from. Many believe it was California slang to refer to the new music black musicians were playing in Chicago around 1915. The new music quickly grew into a wide variety of styles and a cultural phenomenon. Today we have genres that include acid jazz and jazz funk. Jazz even influences hip-hop.
20世紀(jì)初，爵士樂(lè)誕生于美國(guó)南部。爵士樂(lè)融合了非洲和歐洲音樂(lè)形式。并受到了西非傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)的深遠(yuǎn)影響。某專家認(rèn)為，爵士樂(lè)有別于歐洲音樂(lè)，原因在于它與時(shí)間產(chǎn)生了特殊關(guān)系，在創(chuàng)作上呈現(xiàn)靈活自發(fā)，并伴有激情與活力，即興創(chuàng)作也是爵士樂(lè)的一部分。“Jazz”一詞的來(lái)源還不得而知。許多人認(rèn)為，“Jazz”是加州俚語(yǔ)，指的是1915年左右芝加哥黑人音樂(lè)家的創(chuàng)作形式。爵士迅速演變成多種音樂(lè)形式，并成為文化符號(hào)。如今，爵士樂(lè)形式包括酸爵士，放克爵士。爵士樂(lè)甚至還影響了嘻哈音樂(lè)。