CNN News:全球石油價(jià)格下降——供大于求

AZUZ: Quick update to the 2016 U.S. presidential race. Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker announced yesterday he's no longer a candidate for the Republican nomination. Governor Walker was a front runner when he entered the race in July, but after the first two Republican debates, his poll numbers were down and he withdrew last night.

阿祖茲：快速播報(bào)2016年美國總統(tǒng)大選。昨日，威斯康辛州州長斯考特·沃克宣布自己退出共和黨提名候選人。州長沃克在六月參選時(shí)候一直遙遙領(lǐng)先，但是在第一輪共和黨辯論后，他的選票下降。然后，在昨晚，他退出了參選。

That means there are now 15 people seeking the Republican nomination, five are officially seeking the Democratic nomination.

這就意味著現(xiàn)在競爭共和黨的提名候選人有15人，而民主黨競爭提名候選人有5人。

Crude oil is measure in barrels. Last summer, its global price was $100 per barrel. Yesterday, it was trading at less than half that, at about $46.50 a barrel.

原油按照桶測量。去年夏天，每桶原油的價(jià)錢為100美元。昨天，原油的交易價(jià)格不還到去年夏天的一半，每一桶的價(jià)錢為46.5美元。

Why does that matter?

為什么原油的價(jià)錢很重要呢?

Well, the price of crude affects everything from gas prices to car prices, to stock prices. And it determines the number of jobs in the large global oil industry. The current glut of oil, the surplus of it, gives us a clear lesson in the economic principle of supply and demand.

原油的價(jià)格會(huì)影響石油、汽車以及股票等一切事物的價(jià)格。也決定了全球石油市場的工作崗位數(shù)量。當(dāng)今石油過剩，供大于求，給我們上了一堂供求關(guān)系的經(jīng)濟(jì)原則課。

NARRATOR: When it comes to oil, it used to be all about the Middle East. Today, the Persian Gulf still has plenty of crude, but the boom is global.

解說員： 當(dāng)涉及到石油，過去想到的就是中東。現(xiàn)在，波斯灣仍有大量的石油，但是繁榮卻是全球現(xiàn)象。

We produced a surplus of 2 million to 3 million barrels per day. Oil buried deep beneath the earth surface in shale rock can now be accessed with new technologies like fracking and horizontal drilling.

現(xiàn)在每天我們生產(chǎn)過剩2百萬到3百萬桶原油。石油深埋于地表的頁層下面，可以采用水力壓裂和水平鉆探等最新的技術(shù)來開采。

In 2014, U.S. oil productions saw its biggest jump in more than 100 years, and it's not the only country to unleash a flood of crude. Production in Canada and Brazil has also hit record levels.

2014年，美國實(shí)現(xiàn)100年以來原油增長最大增幅，但是美國并不是唯一一個(gè)石油大量增長的國家。加拿大和巴西石油產(chǎn)量也破歷史新高。

At the same time, there are more alternatives to oil, like natural gas and renewables. When oil supply outstrips demand, prices fall.

同時(shí)，現(xiàn)在替代石油的可選擇性能源也多了，例如，天然氣和其他可再生能源。當(dāng)石油供大于求時(shí)，價(jià)錢就下降了。

And cheap oil has consequences. It's great for consumers, costing less to fuel our cars and heat homes. But it can be tough for companies in the oil patch. It hurts profits and leads to job cuts. And the really sharp dip can unsettle global markets.

石油價(jià)錢下降會(huì)造成影響。對于消費(fèi)者而言，供暖以及燃油費(fèi)的成本降低了。但是對于油田公司而言，會(huì)損害公司收益并導(dǎo)致公司裁員。但是石油價(jià)格急劇下降會(huì)擾亂全球市場。