GRE填空官方指南例題解析3

　　例3. (OG Authentic GRE Practice Test Section 4, Q20)

　　Wills argues that certain malarial parasites are especially (i) ______ because they have more recently entered humans than other species and therefore have had (ii) ______ time to evolve toward (iii) ______. Yet there is no reliable evidence that the most harmful Plasmodium species has been in humans for a shorter time than less harmful species.

　　BLANK (i) BLANK (ii) BLANK (iii)

　　(A) populous (D) ample (G) virulence

　　(B) malignant (E) insufficient (H) benignity

　　(C) threatened (F) adequate (I) variability

　　KEY: BEH

　　(一) 首先看blank2，they have more recentlyentered humans than other species and thereforehave had (ii) ______timeto evolve

　　1. Therefore表示對上文的承接，因?yàn)閠hey最近才進(jìn)入人體，因而在人體中的演變時(shí)間較短。

　　2. 選擇與自主判讀已知的詞匯填空：

　　[1]. ample：(富饒的)generous or more than adequate in size, scope, or capacity

　　[2]. insufficient：(不足的)not sufficient : INADEQUATE; especially : lacking adequate power, capacity, or competence

　　[3]. adequate：(充足的)sufficient for a specific requirement

　　(二) Yetthere is no reliable evidencethat the most harmfulPlasmodium specieshas been in humans for a shorter timethan less harmfulspecies.

　　1. Yet表示對上文的否定，兩句話是反義關(guān)系，但是由于no reliable evidence作為否定詞存在對整個(gè)句子再次進(jìn)行取反，因而本句話中that引導(dǎo)的從句中所述內(nèi)容即為前一句話中的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

　　2. 而由于存在時(shí)間對比，存在時(shí)間較久的與存在時(shí)間短暫的物種之間的狀態(tài)相反，即存在較久的物種毒性差。

　　(三) Wills argues that certain malarial parasitesare especially (i) ______becausethey have more recentlyentered humans thanother speciesand thereforehave had (ii) ______timeto evolve toward (iii) ______. Yetthere is no reliable evidencethat the most harmfulPlasmodium specieshas been in humans for a shorter timethan less harmfulspecies.

　　1. 帶回第一句看看第二句中與之對應(yīng)部分。

　　2. 在人體中存在時(shí)間短的物種毒性較強(qiáng)，因而沒有時(shí)間進(jìn)化到毒性較弱的品種，對于blank3，應(yīng)該填入less harmful的同義詞。

　　3. 選擇與自主判讀已知的詞匯填空：

　　[1]. virulence：(毒害)the quality or state of being virulent

　　[2]. benignity：(良性的)of a mild type or character that does not threaten health or life

　　[3]. variability：(多變的)able or apt to vary : subject to variation or changes

　　(四) 理解句意，看是否邏輯與語義契合：

　　Wills稱，有些瘧原蟲特別的危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)檫@些寄生蟲近些時(shí)間才入侵人體，相比其他類型的瘧原蟲而言，這些瘧原蟲沒有足夠的時(shí)間來向毒害稍微輕一點(diǎn)的程度演化。但是，現(xiàn)實(shí)中卻沒有足夠可靠的證據(jù)證實(shí)在人體中出現(xiàn)的最有害的幾種瘧原蟲，相比其他有害程度低一些的瘧原蟲而言，在人體內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間要短一些。