新加坡的致富秘訣是什么？

　　新加坡被稱作20世紀最成功的致富傳奇。

　　"I don't think any other economy," says Linda Lim, an economist at the University of Michigan, "even the other Asian tigers, have that a good a statistical record of rapid growth, full employment, with very good social indicators — life expectancy, education, housing, etc. — in the first 20 years," she says.

　　我不能想到別家的經(jīng)濟，”美國密歇根大學的經(jīng)濟學家琳達·林說道，“甚至是其他的亞洲四小龍，在第一個20年里，有這么快的數(shù)據(jù)增長、完善的就業(yè)和十分齊全了的社會指標——壽命、教育、住房等等。”

　　Lee Kuan Yew, the man who founded modern-day Singapore and died last week at age 91, led that economic transformation. One of the most influential leaders of the 20th century, Lee was an autocrat whose tiny island-state became one of the richest places in the world, and a role model for other governments in Asia and beyond.

　　李光耀——成就了如今的新加坡的男人，于上周逝世，享年91歲，是他成就了新加坡的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型。作為20世紀最有影響力的領(lǐng)導人之一，李光耀讓這一小塊土地成為了世界上最富有的地方之一，并為亞洲和其他國家的政府樹立了榜樣。

　　Singapore has little land and no natural resources. But after its independence in 1965, the former British colony was transformed into a major manufacturing and financial center.

　　新加坡土地面積少，沒有自然資源。但是自1965年獨立以來，這塊前英國殖民地向制造業(yè)和金融中心轉(zhuǎn)變。

　　Conservatives see Singapore as a free-market success story. Low taxes, few capital restrictions and liberal immigration policies have made it one of the most cosmopolitan places on Earth.

　　保守黨將新加坡視作一個自由市場的成功案例。低水平稅收、資本管制和自由的移民政策，讓其成為世界上最為四海一家的地方。

　　"They have very, very free trade, very low tariffs [and] very few non-tariff barriers," says Josh Kurlantzick of the Council on Foreign Relations.

　　“他們有著極其、極其自由的貿(mào)易，很低的關(guān)稅，而且基本沒什么關(guān)稅壁壘，” 外交關(guān)系委員會的喬什·科蘭滋克說道。

　　But like Deng Xiaoping's China, which emulated many of Singapore policies, Lee's government played a big role in the economy.

　　但是正如同鄧小平發(fā)展的新中國——模仿了很多新加坡的政策，李光耀政府在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中也扮演了至關(guān)重要的角色。

　　"Some of the biggest sectors domestically — shipbuilding, electronics, banking, and now they're very involved in private banking — got their start because Lee Kuan Yew and the government specially directed state funds into those areas," Kurlantzick says.

　　“一些大型產(chǎn)業(yè)均為國有——制船業(yè)、電子、銀行，而如今他們也滲入了私人銀行——這么做是因為李光耀極其政府特別規(guī)劃國家基金進入這些領(lǐng)域，” 科蘭滋克說道。

　　The government also provided social services like housing and health care, in a way liberal economists applauded.

　　政府還提供社會福利，比如住房和社保，在某種程度上自由主義經(jīng)濟學家夸夸不絕。

　　Singapore today is a mature economy that, like Japan, has seen its growth slow. Kurlantzick says it struggles with a problem familiar to the West.

　　如今的新加坡是一個成熟的經(jīng)濟體系，如同日本，其經(jīng)濟增長已經(jīng)減慢。科蘭滋克稱，它和其他西方國家一樣陷入相同的問題。

　　"People live well, but the per capita GDP conceals a high level of inequality, so that is definitely a major issue in Singapore today and one of the things that the current prime minister has focused on," he says.

　　“人們安居樂業(yè)，但是人均GDP隱藏了高度不等平的問題，所以這必然是如今新加坡的主要問題，而且也是當今的新加坡總理面對的問題之一。”他說。

　　But Singapore remains a big financial center with a high standard of living, and Lee Kuan Yew is remembered as the man who made its prosperity possible.

　　但是新加坡仍然是生活水平極高的金融中心，而李光耀則被銘記——是這一繁榮的最大功臣。