2分鐘英語課堂：時態(tài) What are tenses

Lily: Hello James, let’s talk about verb tenses in English today.

麗麗：哈嘍，詹姆斯，我們今天討論動詞時態(tài)

James: Okay! Verb tenses are used to describe the time of an action, whether it is in the present, the past, or the future.

詹姆斯：好的，動詞時態(tài)通常是描述一段時間內(nèi)的動作，不管是現(xiàn)在時，過去式還是將來時。

Lily: For example, when we talk about current news or actions we use present tense. What tense do we use when talking about events that are over?

麗麗：比如，我們討論現(xiàn)在的消息或動作時用現(xiàn)在時。我們討論過去發(fā)生的事時用哪個時態(tài)呢

James: We use the past tense to talk about events which are completed, and we use the future tense to talk about events that haven’t happened yet.

詹姆斯：用過去式討論過去發(fā)生的完成的事，用將來時討論現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)生的事

Lily: There are also variations of these three verb tenses to indicate if the action is a continuing one, or if it is a past action that influences the present, or if it is a future action that will continue for a while, and so on. Today we’ll only talk about simple past, present and future tense.

麗麗：動詞時態(tài)還有一些變化，當一個動作是否是進行時，或過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，或者將來進行時等等。今天我們只說簡單的過去式，現(xiàn)在時和將來時。

James: So how do we make the verb tenses?

詹姆斯：我們怎么知道動詞時態(tài)呢

Lily: Tenses are created by modifying a verb. For example, the verb "call." Can you think of the present, past and future tenses for this verb?

麗麗：修飾動詞會產(chǎn)生動詞時態(tài)。拿call 為例。你能想起這個動詞的現(xiàn)在時，過去式和將來時嗎

James: Sure I can! Present tense is "call," past tense is "called" and future tense is "will call."

詹姆斯：能啊?，F(xiàn)在時是 call, 過去式是 called ，將來時是 will call

Lily: “Please call your brother” is present tense. It shows that the action is now.

麗麗：請給你哥哥打電話 是現(xiàn)在時。表示的是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作。

James: “I called my mother yesterday” shows that the action happened before now.

詹姆斯：昨天我給媽媽打電話了 表示過去發(fā)生的動作

Lily: “I will call my sister tomorrow” shows that the action will take place in the future.

麗麗“我明天將給妹妹打電話 表示將來發(fā)生的動作

James: English has regular verbs and irregular verbs. Regular verb tenses are all made the same way. The present tense is the verb without anything added. To make the past tense, add “ed” to the present tense. So the past tense of call iscalled, the past tense of walk is walked, and the past tense of exercise is exercised.

詹姆斯：英語中有規(guī)則動詞和不規(guī)則動詞。規(guī)則動詞的變化都一樣。現(xiàn)在時沒有任何添加成分，過去式加 ed 。所以call 的過去式是 called，walk 的過去式是 walked，exercise 的過去式 是 exercised。

Lily: How do we make the future tense then?

麗麗：將來時如何構成的

James: Just add “will” to the present tense of the verb. I will walk to the store tomorrow morning. He will exercise three times a week.

詹姆斯：在現(xiàn)在時動詞前 加 will。我明天將去雜貨店。他將一周鍛煉三次

Lily: Let’s see some example dialogues which will help us understand regular verb tenses.

麗麗：我們看幾段對話幫助我們更好的理解規(guī)則動詞時態(tài)

Fan of outdoor sports?

戶外運動的愛好者

James: I learned to ski on my trip to Utah.

詹姆斯：我在去猶他州的路上學會了滑雪

Nathan: Well, James, it sounds like you enjoyed your trip.

那桑：好的，看來你很喜歡這段旅行

James: It was a long drive but my friends and I listened to music all the way.

詹姆斯：這個路程很長，但是我的朋友和我一路上都是聽歌過來的

Nathan: Did you ski on the more difficult trails?

那桑：你在復雜跑道上滑雪了嗎

James: Yes, and it scared me.

詹姆斯：，恩，嚇死我了

Nathan: You will learn to enjoy it, I’ll bet. I love outdoor sports.

那桑：你將會學會喜歡上它的。我敢打賭，我很喜歡戶外運動

James: Probably I will like it when I get better at it, but I think you enjoy them more.

詹姆斯：或許我更熟練地時候會喜歡上的吧。但是我覺得你一直都很喜歡

A hard day at work

工作辛苦的一天

Alice: I hoped you would clean the apartment.

愛麗斯：我希望你能打掃公寓

Christie: I cleaned the apartment yesterday and I will clean it again tomorrow.

克里斯汀：昨天我剛打掃過的，明天我再打掃一遍

Alice: What happened this morning?

愛麗斯：今天上午怎么了

Christie: I worked from 8 in the morning until now.

克里斯汀：我從上午八點一直工作到現(xiàn)在

Alice: Sorry, I believed you had the day off. Shall I fix you some dinner?

愛麗斯：抱歉，我以為你今天休息。要我給你做點晚飯嗎

Christie: Thank you. I will want some later, but not now.

克里斯汀：謝謝，但是我想一會再要。