第六章 動(dòng)詞分類 及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞

　　絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，其中有幾種情況

　　1.通常作不及物動(dòng)詞，偶爾作及物動(dòng)詞：

　　He lived to the age of seventy.

　　他活到了七十歲。(vi.)

　　They are living a happy life.

　　他們過著幸福的牛活。(vt.)

　　She smiled when she saw us.

　　她見到我們時(shí)笑了起米。(vi.)

　　She smiled her thanks.

　　她微笑表示感謝。(vt.)

　　2.通常作及物動(dòng)詞，偶作不及物動(dòng)詞：

　　You can not see the wood for the trees.

　　你是見樹不見林。(vt.)

　　It's dark，I can't see.

　　天很黑，我什么也看不見。(vi.)

　　The arrow hit the target.

　　箭擊中了靶。(vt.)

　　He hit at me，but missed.

　　他設(shè)法打我，但沒打著。(vi.)

　　3.有不同意思，有時(shí)作及物動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)作不及物動(dòng)詞(多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都如此)：

　　It's hard to please all.

　　要使大家都高興不容易。(vt.)

　　Come whenever you please.

　　你愛什么時(shí)候來就什么時(shí)候來。(vi.)

　　Her words moved me deeply.

　　她的話深深感動(dòng)了我。(vt.)

　　She moved gracefully.

　　她的動(dòng)作很優(yōu)美。(vi.)

　　4.有時(shí)意思不變，但賓語可省略：

　　-See what I mean?

　　-懂我的意思嗎?(vt.)

　　-Yes，I see.

　　是的，明白了。(vi.)

　　Remember your appointment.

　　記住你的約會(huì)。(vt.)

　　Don't forget to post my letter.Please remember.

　　別忘了發(fā)我的信，請(qǐng)記住。

　　只有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞通常只用作vi.，如appear, exist, happen, occur, vanish, ache, bleed, blush, faint, shiver, tremble, cough, cry, weep, scream, snore, yawn, gleam,

　　shine, vibrate, arrive, come, depart, fall, flow，go, kneel, pause等。但在個(gè)別情況下也可跟賓語，如weep bitter tears, cough blood, die a heroic death, sigh

　　one's relief。另外有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞通常只用作vt.，如have, raise, carry, catch, cover, destroy, use, admire, enjoy, frighten, hate, interest, like, love, need,

　　prefer, surprise, trust, accept, correct, discuss, expect, thank, warn等，只偶作vi.，如She frightens easily. Come if you like.