國(guó)際關(guān)系英語(yǔ)詞匯大全Unit 56

　　英語(yǔ)單詞講解 unit 56

　　1.Stanley Hoffmann

　　Stanley Hoffmann (born 27 November 1928) is the Paul and Catherine Buttenweiser University Professor, emeritus at Harvard University. Hoffmann was born in Vienna in 1928, and moved to France with his family the following year. A French citizen since 1947, Hoffmann spent his childhood between Paris and Nice before studying at Sciences Po. He followed an academic career in the United States and founded Harvard's Center for European Studies in 1968. Hoffmann also participated as a political expert in the film The World According to Bush, dealing with the vicissitudes of the Bush administration after the 2000 presidential election.

　　1.斯坦利·霍夫曼

　　斯坦利·霍夫曼(1928-- ),是美國(guó)著名國(guó)際政治學(xué)者，哈佛大學(xué)教授。 1928年11月27日生于奧地利首都維也納,1948年畢業(yè)于法國(guó)巴黎政治研究學(xué)院,1952年在哈佛獲得政治學(xué)碩士學(xué)位，后又取得博士學(xué)位,1955年加入美國(guó)國(guó)籍。 從1956年起(除了1966和1967年在斯坦福大學(xué)外)一直在哈佛大學(xué)任教，現(xiàn)任哈佛大學(xué)西歐研究中心主任，同時(shí)兼任美國(guó)對(duì)外關(guān)系委員會(huì)委員、美國(guó)政治科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)理事、美國(guó)藝術(shù)科學(xué)學(xué)院院士。 霍夫曼治學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、功底深厚、博學(xué)多產(chǎn)，其主要著作有：《當(dāng)代國(guó)際關(guān)系理論》(1960) 、《戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)》(1965) 、《格利弗麻煩——國(guó)際關(guān)系與國(guó)際體系》(1968)、《國(guó)際秩序的條件》(1968) 、《衰落，還是復(fù)蘇》(1974)、 《支配地位，還是世界秩序——冷戰(zhàn)以來(lái)的美國(guó)對(duì)外政策》(1978)、《跨越國(guó)界的責(zé)任》(1981)等。

　　2.Robert Keohane

　　Robert Owen Keohane ( born October 3, 1941) is an American academic, who, following the publication of his influential book After Hegemony (1984), became widely associated with the theory of neoliberal institutionalism in international relations. He is currently a Professor of Political Science at the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University.

　　2.基歐漢

　　基歐漢出身于公元1941年的美國(guó)學(xué)者，以其著作霸權(quán)之后(1984年著)聞名于國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)界，變成國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)界中新自由制度主義的主要學(xué)者之一，目前在普林斯頓大學(xué)的威爾遜學(xué)院擔(dān)任政治科學(xué)教授?；鶜W漢曾在斯沃斯莫爾學(xué)院、史丹佛大學(xué)、布蘭戴斯大學(xué)、哈佛大學(xué)以及杜克大學(xué)任教過(guò)，在哈佛大學(xué)時(shí)他兼任國(guó)際和平研究所的教授。

　　3.Friedrich Hayek

　　Friedrich Hayek CH (8 May 1899 – 23 March 1992), born in Austria-Hungary as Friedrich August von Hayek and frequently referred to as F. A. Hayek, was an Austrian, later British, economist and philosopher best known for his defence of classical liberalism. Hayek shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (with Gunnar Myrdal) for his "pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and ... penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena".Hayek was a major social theorist and political philosopher of the twentieth century, and his account of how changing prices communicate information which enables individuals to co-ordinate their plans is widely regarded as an important achievement in economics.

　　3.弗里德里希·哈耶克

　　弗里德里希·奧古斯特·馮·哈耶克，CH(又譯為海耶克，1899年5月8日-1992年3月23日)是奧地利出生的英國(guó)知名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和政治哲學(xué)家。以堅(jiān)持自由市場(chǎng)資本主義、反對(duì)社會(huì)主義、凱恩斯主義和集體主義而著稱。哈耶克是20世紀(jì)的主要政治思想家，他所提出的價(jià)格信號(hào)在協(xié)助經(jīng)濟(jì)里的個(gè)體協(xié)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)上的角色一理論，被認(rèn)為是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的重大突破。哈耶克被廣泛視為是奧地利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)派最重要的成員之一，他對(duì)于法學(xué)、系統(tǒng)思維、思想史、認(rèn)知科學(xué)領(lǐng)域也有相當(dāng)重要的貢獻(xiàn)。