英語單詞講解 unit 33
1.Bourgeoisie
In political economy, political philosophy, sociology, social sciences, and history, the bourgeoisie is the wealthy stratum of the middle class that originated during the latter part of the Middle Ages (AD 476–1453).
1.資產(chǎn)階級
資產(chǎn)階級是根據(jù)一些西方經(jīng)濟學思想學派,尤其是馬克思主義,為資本主義社會所做的階級劃分當中的富有階級之一。
2.Middle class
The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class. The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly among cultures.
2.中產(chǎn)階級
中產(chǎn)階級是一種社會階層,在現(xiàn)代社會中,指擁有一定程度的經(jīng)濟獨立,例如有安定、較高薪酬的工作,在現(xiàn)代社會對社會的發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定起很大的作用。此詞常用于專業(yè)人士、學者、知識分子,或大企業(yè)、公營機構、政府部門的中級管理層,或中小型企業(yè)老板,中學、小學、幼兒園校長、教師、社工和護士等。馬克思主義將這一階層稱為“小資產(chǎn)階級”。
3.Proletariat
The proletariat (from Latin proletarius) is a term used to describe the class of wage-earners (especially industrial workers) in a capitalist society whose only possession of significant material value is their labour-power (their ability to work); a member of such a class is a proletarian.
3.無產(chǎn)階級
無產(chǎn)階級,出自于拉丁語proletarius,其拉丁文本字原是指古羅馬最低下層的社會階段,字源由Proles(子嗣)一字所衍生,意味該階層的唯一貢獻是延續(xù)香火并供應人丁,帶有輕蔑之意。直至19世紀,馬克思以此詞形容沒有資本工具的工人階級,此字才正式走入社會及經(jīng)濟學說。Proletarius平??勺g作普羅大眾、平民百姓,但論述馬克思主義時,則譯作無產(chǎn)階級。