CNN News:埃博拉病毒的一些疑問和答案

Welcome to CNN STUDENT NEWS on this Monday, October 13. I`m Carl Azuz. We are starting with some questions and some answers about the Ebola virus. A healthcare worker in Dallas, Texas has tested positive for the disease. This is the second time Ebola has been diagnosed in the U.S., but the nurse who caught it had not traveled to West Africa where the outbreak is. She works at the hospital where Liberian man died last week from Ebola. And she`d had extensive contact with him.

歡迎收看本周一CNN學(xué)生新聞，今天是10月13號，我是Carl Azuz。今天我們以關(guān)于埃博拉一些問答和答案開始今天的新聞。德克薩斯州達拉斯一位醫(yī)療工作人員經(jīng)檢測感染埃博拉病毒。這是美國出現(xiàn)的第二位確診病例，但是感染護士并沒有去過受疫情影響的西非國家。她在治療感染埃博拉病毒的利比亞人醫(yī)院工作，該患者于上周去世。并且她與患者有著廣泛的接觸。

Health officials say she wore protective clothing, gowns, gloves, a mask and a shield. But there had been a "breech of protocol" at some point. We don`t know exactly what that was. We are getting a lot of questions from you about how someone can touch the Ebola virus. This is what health officials are saying.

衛(wèi)生部門官員稱護士在對患者進行治療是穿著防護服，長罩袍，手套，面具和護罩。但是在某些方面有補充協(xié)議，這點我們還不是很清楚。從護士身上我們產(chǎn)生了很多關(guān)于人是如何感染上埃博拉病毒的疑問。這是衛(wèi)生部門官員的話。

The clock ticking from the moment the Ebola virus enters the body. The disease not easy to contract, only carried in bodily fluids. And it can only enter the body through direct contact with cuts or abrasions on the skin or through the eyes, nose, mouth, throat or reproductive organs. People can also get infected when eating meat from or coming in contact with contaminated animals.

當(dāng)埃博拉病毒侵入人體之后死亡時鐘開始計時。接觸這種病毒并不容易，只有通過體液才可以接觸到。并且該病毒進入人體只能通過人體直接接觸傷口或者擦傷皮膚，或者通過眼睛，鼻子，嘴，喉嚨或者生殖器官進入人體。同樣當(dāng)人們吃肉或者已經(jīng)被污染動物肉類時也會被感染。

The virus can survive several hours in a dried state on door knobs or countertops if the fluid remains wet and at room temperature it can survive for days outside the body.

病毒在干燥的門把手或者臺面上可以存活數(shù)小時時間，如果液體保持濕潤，達到室溫的話可以在體外存活數(shù)天時間。

Most people get it through contact with bodily fluids of patients or the diseased.

大多數(shù)人都是通過與患者體液接觸或者含有病毒的液體接觸后感染該病毒的。

But when is someone with Ebola actually contagious? The short answer, when they start to show symptoms. Those symptoms, though, can take from two to 21 days to kick in. In other words, a person can travel and interact with others for days or weeks without passing on the virus.

但是真正埃博拉病毒傳染到人體的時候是什么時候?簡而言之，當(dāng)感染患者出現(xiàn)該病癥的時候就是埃博拉病毒在體內(nèi)擴散的時候。這些癥狀可以在體內(nèi)存在2到21天的時間。換句話說就是一個人可以通過旅游，與其他人進行數(shù)天或者數(shù)周的接觸。

The average incubation period is eight to ten days.

通常情況下病毒潛伏期為8到10天時間。

The early symptoms of a disease fever, weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat are often mistaken for the flu, malaria, typhoid fever or dysentery.

該病早期癥狀為發(fā)燒，無力，肌肉疼痛，頭疼和喉嚨痛，通常會被認為流感，瘧疾，傷寒或者痢疾等病癥。

But then things get worse. Vomiting, bloody diarrhea, often internal and external bleeding, skin rashes and purple spots on the skin. The death rate is high, 50 to 90 percent chance of death depending on the strain and access to medical care.

但是過后事情會變得越來越糟。嘔吐，腹瀉，經(jīng)常內(nèi)外出血，皮膚開始出皮疹和紫色斑點。這種疾病死亡率非常高，高達50%到90%，當(dāng)然也取決于當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)療條件。

If an infected patient with a strong immune system gets proper care the chance of surviving goes up. And if you survive you have immunity for at least ten years, but what`s still unknown, if you are immune from other strains of Ebola. Answers and questions for a frightening disease.

如果一位免疫系統(tǒng)非常強壯的人感染該病毒的話，在得到妥善照顧之后幸存的機會會上升。如果幸存的話，至少在十年內(nèi)不會再受次病毒的侵?jǐn)_。但是這也是未知的，你也可能會感染埃博拉病毒的替他菌株。以上就是關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的一些問題和答案。