CNN News:美國(guó)宇航局將與日本合作發(fā)射氣象探測(cè)衛(wèi)星應(yīng)對(duì)復(fù)雜天氣變化

It`s been the season of extremes for residents of southern California. While other parts of the country were shivering under snow, ice and bitter cold, areas near Los Angeles have been parched by drought. Windy dry conditions fostered the spread of wild fires, and when rain finally came from a recent storm system, there wasn`t much vegetation left to soak it up. So that meant mudslides. Thankfully, no death have been reported because of the rain and mudslides, but the drought has been so bad that the storms barely made a dent in water levels. Much of the rain is streaming back out to sea and water reservoirs are still at minimum levels. Even a forecast for more rain isn`t good news for some folks.

對(duì)于加利福尼亞南部居民來(lái)講現(xiàn)在這個(gè)季節(jié)是非常令人抓狂的時(shí)候。當(dāng)美國(guó)其它地區(qū)被冰雪與寒冷包圍時(shí)洛杉磯附近區(qū)域卻忍受著干旱的肆虐襲擊。干燥多風(fēng)的天氣孕育出了一場(chǎng)蔓山大火，當(dāng)雨水終于從云層中撒向大地時(shí)，已經(jīng)沒(méi)有什么植被可以酣暢淋漓淋雨了。這也就意味著可能要有泥石流的發(fā)生。值得慶幸的是沒(méi)有報(bào)道稱此次泥石流造成人員傷亡，但是這場(chǎng)強(qiáng)降雨似乎會(huì)干旱情形沒(méi)有帶來(lái)多大效果。大部分降雨都流回到了海洋里，水庫(kù)水位仍處于警戒水位以下。對(duì)于一些人來(lái)將更多地降水預(yù)報(bào)也未必是好事。

It happened in minutes. Fire scorched land couldn`t hold the rain, so mud poured down from the Glendore foothills below.

大雨在短短幾分鐘之內(nèi)傾盆而出，剛剛燒焦的土地存留不住大量的雨水，所以泥水順著格蘭岱爾山腳奔流而下。

It`s . It`s bad. It looks - I mean it`s bad. It hasn`t been this bad in a long time. It wasn`t like this 20 minutes ago.

雨勢(shì)非常迅猛，泥石流發(fā)生速度非?？欤浅？膳?。很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有發(fā)生這么嚴(yán)重泥石流現(xiàn)象了。20分鐘之前情況還要比現(xiàn)在嚴(yán)重很多。

They are getting out while they can.

他們?cè)谶€能跑出來(lái)的時(shí)候盡快逃了出來(lái)。

But you are not taking anything with you, just grabbing your dog?

但是你什么都沒(méi)拿就只抱著你的狗出來(lái)了?

No, we got my laptop. I don`t need too much, too many things. Everything is going to be fine. It`s all replaceable.

不，我?guī)Я宋业墓P記本電腦。我不需要帶太多的東西，都會(huì)好的，都會(huì)過(guò)去的。

Just a couple of inches of rain and you can see the effects here when the ground, which is burned by the fire can`t hold all of this and something you`ll notice - the debris it shows - it`s been scarred by wildfire.

現(xiàn)在雨水已經(jīng)存到幾英寸的深度了，你可以看到被大火燒焦后的土地不能承受如此多的雨水漂起了一層層碎片。

We need to make some friends to help get you out. OK?

你需要一些朋友來(lái)幫你脫離這里，好么?

Yeah.

好的。

1,000 homes are under a mandatory evacuation order. Because they sit below these scorched hills. Two months ago, it was wildfire. Today, mud into their pools and backyards. California has been in drought for months. The sudden rain caught some by surprise.

1000多所設(shè)立在大火山腳下的房子正在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制疏散。兩個(gè)月以前就已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)一次野火，這次泥石流闖進(jìn)了他們家的泳池和后院。加利福尼亞干旱形勢(shì)已經(jīng)維持?jǐn)?shù)月時(shí)間了，突如其來(lái)的大雨著實(shí)讓人們吃了一驚。

Two people were found stranded in a tree trying to escape the rising water of the Los Angeles River. Take a closer look. It`s not just people, but there are two dogs. You can see the rescuers, the Los Angeles firefighters as they carefully move the frightened animals out of the tree one by one to the nearby rescue boat.

兩個(gè)人被發(fā)現(xiàn)為了擺脫洛杉磯河不斷上漲的水位困在了一棵樹(shù)上。離近了看之后你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)樹(shù)上不止有人，還有兩只狗?，F(xiàn)在你可以看到洛杉磯消防員正在小心翼翼的將受驚的動(dòng)物從樹(shù)上拯救下來(lái)安全放進(jìn)旁邊的救助艇。

And there`s more rain coming. Just bad news for Kim and Dennis Kralik. They chose not to listen to the mandatory evacuation order. Their one road in and out too covered in mud to drive.

過(guò)后還有更多的雨水襲來(lái)。這對(duì)于Kim和Dennis Kralik來(lái)講可謂是晴天霹靂。他們選擇不聽(tīng)從疏散口令，他們唯一一條回家的道路已經(jīng)堵滿了太多的泥水而不能行走。

Because you can`t get out.

因?yàn)槟悴豢赡艹鋈ァ?/p>

No, not right now. Until they clear this, we`re stuck here.

不，不是現(xiàn)在，直到他們明白之前我們一直困在這里。

What has Mother Nature been like the last couple of months for you?

最后這幾個(gè)月自然是怎樣的?

We had fire, droughts and now torrential rain.

發(fā)生了大火，干旱，和這次來(lái)勢(shì)迅猛的降雨。

Winds.

大風(fēng)。

Yeah, pretty much everything.

對(duì)，幾乎都發(fā)生了一遍。

Yeah, we`ve hit all four elements at this point. I think we are done at this point with any more crazy storms.

是的，我們經(jīng)歷了四種極端天氣。我想我們可以迎接更猛烈的暴風(fēng)雨了。

There may not be much we could do about the weather, but we do a pretty good job of keeping track of it. And NASA has teamed up with Japan`s Aerospace exploration agency to launch a satellite that will track rain and snow. It`s called the Global Precipitation Measurement Co- observatory. And if that sounds like an advanced name, it`s a pretty advanced satellite. It`s designed to circle the earth every hour and a half, observe where it`s raining and send that info back to scientists every three hours. It can tell the difference between rain, ice and snowfall, and the different amounts of each. And it will help researches keep track of the global climate and its water cycle. This is not a cheap project. The satellite cost NASA $933 million. It`s designed to last at least three years.

我們雖然改變不了天氣，但是我們可以做一些追蹤天氣變化的工作。美國(guó)宇航局將與日本宇宙研究機(jī)構(gòu)組成追蹤小組發(fā)射一個(gè)可以追蹤天氣變化的衛(wèi)星，叫做全球降水測(cè)量天文臺(tái)。如果這聽(tīng)起來(lái)是一個(gè)比較先進(jìn)的名字的話那么這顆衛(wèi)星也就比較先進(jìn)了。這顆衛(wèi)星被設(shè)計(jì)為每一個(gè)班小時(shí)繞地球一圈，觀察世界各地降水情況，每三小時(shí)匯報(bào)一次。它可以識(shí)別雨，冰和雪，區(qū)分?jǐn)?shù)量的不同。這顆衛(wèi)星將幫助科學(xué)家追蹤全球氣候變化和水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)。所以這不是一個(gè)廉價(jià)工程，這顆衛(wèi)星花費(fèi)了美國(guó)宇航局近9.33億美元，此次設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)時(shí)間至少持續(xù)3年時(shí)間。