https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0009/9202/72.mp3
https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012
火攻篇 NO.3:
夫戰(zhàn)勝攻取而不修其功者,兇,命曰“費(fèi)留”。
故曰:明主慮之,良將慎之,非利不動(dòng),非得不用,非危不戰(zhàn)。
主不可以怒而興師,將不可以慍而攻戰(zhàn)。
合于利而動(dòng),不合于利而止。
怒可以復(fù)喜,慍可以復(fù)說(shuō),亡國(guó)不可以復(fù)存,死者不可以復(fù)生。
故明主慎之,良將警之。此安國(guó)全軍之道也。
這句啥意思:
凡打了勝仗,攻取了土地城邑,而不能鞏固戰(zhàn)果的,會(huì)很危險(xiǎn),這種情況叫做“費(fèi)留”。
所以說(shuō),明智的國(guó)君要慎重地考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題,賢良的將帥要嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
沒(méi)有好處不要行動(dòng),沒(méi)有取勝的把握不能用兵,不到危急關(guān)頭不要開(kāi)戰(zhàn)。
國(guó)君不可因一時(shí)憤怒而發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),將帥不可因一時(shí)的氣忿而出陣求戰(zhàn)。
符合國(guó)家利益才用兵,不符合國(guó)家利益就停止。
憤怒還可以重新變?yōu)闅g喜,氣忿也可以重新轉(zhuǎn)為高興,但是國(guó)家滅亡了就不能復(fù)存,人死了也不能再生。
所以,對(duì)待戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),明智的國(guó)君應(yīng)該慎重,賢良的將帥應(yīng)該警惕,這是安定國(guó)家和保全軍隊(duì)的基本道理。
英文這么說(shuō):
Unhappy is the fate of one who tries to win his battles and succeed in his attacks withoutcultivating thespirit of enterprise;
for the result is waste of time and general stagnation.
Hence the saying: The enlightened ruler lays his plans well ahead; the good general cultivateshis resources.
Move not unless you see an advantage; use not your troops unless there is something to begained;fight notunless the position is critical.
No ruler should put troops into the field merely to gratify his own spleen; no general shouldfight a battle simply out of pique.
If it is to your advantage, make a forward move;if not, stay where you are.
Anger may in time change to gladness; vexation may be succeeded by content.
But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can thedead ever be brought back to life.
Hence the enlightened ruler is heedful,and the good general full of caution.
This is the way to keep a country at peace and an army intact.
課后拓展:
1.戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期,齊國(guó)的田單為打敗圍城的燕國(guó)軍隊(duì),使用了火牛陣,一舉大敗燕軍
2.彝陵之戰(zhàn) 官渡之戰(zhàn) 火燒博望坡 火燒藤甲兵 新野之戰(zhàn) 火燒烏巢 火燒上方谷 火燒濮陽(yáng) 火燒宛城
3.唐代 有個(gè)戰(zhàn)例-雀撒火種攻城 薛禮東征巖洲城
4.遼朝 燒草阻敵 遼與西夏大戰(zhàn),西夏用火攻取勝,把其糧草給燒了,遼軍戰(zhàn)馬連草都沒(méi)的吃,能不勝嗎?
5.戚繼光 猴子燒敵營(yíng)
6.鄭成功 于臺(tái)灣赤嵌城 火燒荷蘭戰(zhàn)船
7.朱元璋鄱陽(yáng)湖大破陳友諒,這戰(zhàn)和赤壁之戰(zhàn)相似,陳友諒竟然也和曹操一樣把戰(zhàn)船連成一片,這一戰(zhàn)也使朱元璋徹底擊敗陳友諒