《孫子兵法》第56期:第九章 行軍(7)

00:00

00:00

MP3下載 文本下載

https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0009/9202/56.mp3

https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012

行軍篇 NO.7：

兵非貴益多也，惟無武進(jìn)，足以并力、料敵、取人而已。

夫惟無慮而易敵者，必擒于人。

卒未親而罰之，則不服，不服則難用。

卒已親附而罰不行，則不可用。

故合之以文，齊之以武，是謂必取。

令素行以教其民，則民服;令素不行以教其民，則民不服。

令素行者，與眾相得也。

這句啥意思：

打仗不在于兵力越多越好，只要不輕敵冒進(jìn)，并集中兵力、判明敵情，取得部下的信任和支持，也就足夠了。

那種既無深謀遠(yuǎn)慮而又輕敵的人，必定會被敵人俘虜。

士卒還沒有親近依附就執(zhí)行懲罰，那么他們會不服，不服就很難使用。

士卒已經(jīng)親近依附，如果不執(zhí)行軍紀(jì)軍法，也不能用來作戰(zhàn)。

所以，要用懷柔寬仁使他們思想統(tǒng)一，用軍紀(jì)軍法使他們行動一致，這樣就必能取得部下的敬畏和擁戴。

平素嚴(yán)格貫徹命令，管教士卒，士卒就能養(yǎng)成服從的習(xí)慣;平素從來不嚴(yán)格貫徹命令，管教士卒，士卒就會養(yǎng)成不服從的習(xí)慣。

平時命令能貫徹執(zhí)行的，表明將帥同士卒之間相處融洽。

英文這么說：

If our troops are no more in number than the enemy,that is amply sufficient; it only meansthat no direct attack can be made. What we can do is simply to concentrate all our availablestrength, keep a close watch on the enemy,and obtain reinforcements.

He who exercises no forethought but makes light of his opponents is sure to be captured bythem.

If soldiers are punished before they have grown attached to you, they will not provesubmissive; and,unless submissive, then will be practically useless.

If, when the soldiers have become attached to you,punishments are not enforced, they will stillbe unless.

Therefore soldiers must be treated in the first instance with humanity, but kept under controlby means of iron discipline. This is a certain road to victory.

If in training soldiers commands are habitually enforced, the army will be well-disciplined; ifnot,its discipline will be bad.

If a general shows confidence in his men but always insists on his orders being obeyed, thegain will be mutual.

作品賞析

孫子在《行軍第九》篇中還提出了“令之以文，齊之以武”的文武兼用的治軍原則，即要用文明教化、平等來教育士兵，用法紀(jì)來統(tǒng)一步調(diào)，這樣的軍隊打起仗來一定能取得勝利。提出平等?因?yàn)樘貦?quán)思想古今中外都有，工商農(nóng)林牧軍各行各業(yè)都有，不廢除特權(quán)思想，那是什么事都做不好的。軍隊中一旦特權(quán)思維泛濫，那么這個軍隊注定就是混亂的軍隊，注定失敗的軍隊。