《孫子兵法》第6期:第一章 始計(jì)(6)

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始記篇 NO.6：

兵者，詭道也。

故能而示之不能，用而示之不用，近而示之遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)而示之近。

利而誘之，亂而取之，實(shí)而備之，強(qiáng)而避之，怒而撓之，卑而驕之，佚而勞之，親而離之，攻其無備，出其不意。

此兵家之勝，不可先傳也。

這句啥意思：

用兵作戰(zhàn)，就是詭詐。

因此，有能力而裝做沒有能力，實(shí)際上要攻打而裝做不攻打，欲攻打近處卻裝做攻打遠(yuǎn)處，攻打遠(yuǎn)處卻裝做攻打近處。

對方貪利就用利益誘惑他，對方混亂就趁機(jī)攻取他，對方強(qiáng)大就要防備他，對方暴躁易怒就可以撩撥他怒而失去理智，對方自卑而謹(jǐn)慎就使他驕傲自大，對方體力充沛就使其勞累，對方內(nèi)部親密團(tuán)結(jié)就挑撥離間，要攻打?qū)Ψ經(jīng)]有防備的地方，在對方?jīng)]有料到的時(shí)機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻。

這些都是軍事家克敵制勝的訣竅，不可先傳泄于人也。

英文這么說：

All warfare is based on deception.

Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable;when using our forces, we must seeminactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away;when far away,we must make him believe we are near.

Hold out baits to entice the enemy. Feign disorder,and crush him. If he is secure at all points,be prepared for him.If he is in superior strength, evade him. If your opponent is of cholerictemper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant. If he is takinghis ease, give him no rest.If his forces are united, separate them. Attack him where he isunprepared, appear where you are not expected.

These military devices, leading to victory,must not be divulged beforehand.

《出其不意典故》

東漢末年，曹操打敗了袁紹，平定了北方，高干在并州據(jù)地稱王，河?xùn)|衛(wèi)固、范先表面要求任太守，實(shí)際與高干暗通，曹操?zèng)]有讓他們?nèi)翁?，由杜畿?dān)任河?xùn)|太守。杜畿說自己孤身前去赴任，讓衛(wèi)固感到出乎意料，然后分化他們來鞏固地位。