[名詞用法]習(xí)慣上后接to do sth和for [of] doing sth的名詞

習(xí)慣上后接to do sth和for [of] doing sth的名詞

1. capacity 能力，才能

表示做某事的能力，capacity后可接 to do sth, for doing sth, of doing sth。如：

Her capacity to remember facts is remarkable. 她的記憶力很驚人。

He has a great capacity for enjoying himself. 他很會想辦法自得其樂。

The boy shows a great capacity to learn [of learning, for learning] languages. 這孩子顯露出學(xué)習(xí)語言的卓越能力。

2. means 方式，方法，手段；財(cái)力，金錢

(1) 表示做某事的方法，means后通常接of doing sth。如：

We had no means of warning them. 我們沒有辦法警告他們。

There is no means of finding out what happened. 無法弄清發(fā)生了什么事情。

Can you devise a means of overcoming the problem? 你能想出法子來解決這個(gè)難題嗎?

有時(shí)也可后接不定式，但不如后接of doing sth常見。如：

My English teacher provided me with the means to enjoy reading poetry. 我的英語老師告訴了我欣賞詩歌的方法。

另外，有時(shí)也可后接 for doing sth，也不如用of doing sth 常見。如：

It’s an effective means for finding qualified job applicants. 這是尋找合適求職者的有效方法。

(2) 表示做某事的財(cái)力，其后通常接不定式，且尤其見于have the means to do sth這一結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

He doesn’t have the means to support a wife and child. 他沒有錢養(yǎng)活妻子和孩子。

Small businesses don’t have the means to develop a sophisticated Internet presence. 小企業(yè)通常沒有財(cái)力投資建設(shè)復(fù)雜的因特網(wǎng)平臺。

3. responsibility

(1) 表示做某事的責(zé)任或負(fù)責(zé)做某事，其后通常接of [for] doing sth，而不接不定式。如：

Mr Smith will take the responsibility of [for] doing the experiment. 史密斯先生將負(fù)責(zé)做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

She is charged with the responsibility of [for] receiving callers and answering letters. 她被安排負(fù)責(zé)接待來訪者和回信。

(2) 但是，在have [feel] a responsibility結(jié)構(gòu)后可以接不定式。如：

Every citizen has a responsibility to vote. 每個(gè)公民都有投票選舉的責(zé)任。

They have a responsibility to discover which wives have walked out on their husbands. 他們有責(zé)任找出哪些妻子拋棄了丈夫。

注：類似下面這樣的句子，responsibility后面的不定式不是定語，而是句子主語：

To my mind it’s the government’s responsibility to help these people. 依我看幫助這些人是政府的責(zé)任。