新概念英語第二冊逐句精講語言點 第82課(3)

　　It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail. The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.

　　句子講解：

　　8、It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail.

　　它長著一個像馬一樣的頭，有著大大的藍眼睛和閃閃發(fā)光的銀色皮膚，還有一條鮮紅色的尾巴。

　　9、The fish, which has since been sent to It is being examined by a scientist, is calted.

　　此魚叫槳魚，被送進了博物館，現(xiàn)在正接受一位科學家的鑒定。

　　語言點 it is being examined現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)，表示"正在被鑒定中"。

　　現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)用法：

　　1)“be being done” 中的動詞be應隨主語(sing. / pl.)作相應的變化。

　　2)將現(xiàn)在進行時的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的關鍵是：把be doing變?yōu)閎e being done

　　例句. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now.

　　現(xiàn)在學生們正在打掃教室。 (are cleaning變?yōu)閕s being cleaned)

　　10、Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.

　　人們很少能看到這類活著的動物，因為它們生活在600英尺深的深海中。

　　語言點 have rarely been seen alive為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。

　　現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的肯定式為：have/ has +been +done。

　　如：The experiment has been done successfully. 這個實驗做得很成功。

　　現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的否定式為：have/ has +not +been +done。

　　如：Tom’s novel has not been published. 湯姆的小說還沒有被出版。

　　現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句需將have /has提到主語的前面。

　　如：Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行車修好了嗎?

　　現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的特殊疑問句為：疑問詞+have /has +been +done?

　　如：Who has been invited? 誰受到了邀請?

　　對比現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)用法與現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)

　　現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)表示此時此刻某事正在被做.

　　現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)：可強調到目前為止某被動性動作或狀態(tài)已存在若干時間。 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)可用來強調發(fā)生在過去的被動性動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響.