新概念英語第二冊逐句精講語言點(diǎn) 第45課(1)

45課 A clear conscience

The whole village soon learnt that a large sumof money had been lost. Sam Benton, the localbutcher, had lost his wallet while taking hissavings to the post office. Sam was sure thatthe wallet must have been found by one of thevillagers, but it was not returned to him. Threemonths passed, and then one morning, Sam foundhis wallet outside his front door. It had beenwrapped up in newspaper and it contained half themoney he had lost, together with a note which said:'A thief, yes, but only 50 percent a thief!' Two months later, some more money was sent toSam with another note: 'Only 25percent a thief now!' In time, all Sam's money was paid back inthis way. The last note said: 'I am 100percent honest now!'

語法歸納：被動語態(tài)

一句話總結(jié)：請參考Lesson 10和Lesson 21的語法分析及總結(jié)。

精講筆記：

1. The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.

整個村子很快知道，有一大筆錢丟失了。

語言點(diǎn)1 the whole village指“全村的人”，后常接動詞單數(shù)。常用表達(dá)還有：

the whole world全世界

the whole country全國

the whole society全社會

the whole class全班

語言點(diǎn)2 had been lost是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。

2. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to thepost office.

當(dāng)?shù)氐耐婪蛩_姆·本在把存款送往郵局的途中把錢包弄去了。

語言點(diǎn)1 the local butcher 為 Sam Benton 的同位語。

語言點(diǎn)2 while taking是一個省略形式(時間狀語從句變成分詞作狀語)

這種情況必須具備兩個條件：

這個動作的主語跟主句的主語一致;

這個動作一定是正在進(jìn)行。

原句完整的形式應(yīng)該是：Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while he was takinghis savings to the post office.

3. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but itwas not returned to him.

薩姆確信那錢一定是被某個村民撿到了，可是卻不見有人來送還給他。

語言點(diǎn) must have done表示對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測;must have been done則是對過去肯定推測的被動語態(tài)。