新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)逐句精講語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 第4課(1)

Lesson 4 An exciting trip

課文內(nèi)容：

I have just received a letter from my brother,Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for sixmonths. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a bigfirm and he has already visited a great number ofdifferent places in Australia. He has just bought anAustralian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a smalltown in the centre of Australia. He will soon visitDarwin From there, he will fly to Perth. My brotherhas never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.

本文語(yǔ)法：同位語(yǔ)

語(yǔ)法歸納：指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時(shí)，一個(gè)句子成分可被用來(lái)說(shuō)明或解釋另一個(gè)句子成分，后者稱之為前者的同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)多由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)。例如：

I have two sisters,Jane and Mary.我有兩個(gè)姐姐，簡(jiǎn)和瑪麗。

This is Tom, president of Oriental Grouop.這位是東方集團(tuán)的總裁湯姆。

精講筆記：

1.I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.

我剛收到一封弟弟蒂姆寫(xiě)來(lái)的的信。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 短語(yǔ)：receive sth. from sb.收到從某人那里送出的某物

This morning I received a letter from my brother.今天早上我收到了媽媽寫(xiě)來(lái)的一封信。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 此句中Tim為my brother的同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)my brother進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。

2.He is in Australia.

他在澳大利亞。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 介詞in在此實(shí)際上表達(dá)一種狀態(tài)：在澳洲。

類似介詞用法：at home在家;on the Internet在上網(wǎng);on the phone打電話

3.He has been there for six months.

他在澳洲已經(jīng)待了六個(gè)月了。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) for six months是表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)。

特別提醒初學(xué)者："for+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"不能和瞬間性動(dòng)詞連用。

He arrived there for six months.(錯(cuò)誤)

He has been there for six months.(正確)

原因：瞬間動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞不可以延續(xù)，而be there表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)。

So far, I have lived in Beijing for eight years.到現(xiàn)在，我已經(jīng)在北京住了8年了。