銀行業(yè)務(wù)之 企業(yè)信貸　Corporate Credit

銀行業(yè)務(wù)之 企業(yè)信貸　Corporate Credit

企業(yè)信貸（corporate credit）對(duì)一個(gè)企業(yè)的發(fā)展十分重要，它可以保護(hù)企業(yè)主自身的信用額度（personal credit line）免受企業(yè)債務(wù)的壓力，還可以幫助企業(yè)貸到發(fā)展所需的資金（take out loans）。

開始

一般的公司形式是有限責(zé)任公司（limited liability corporation，即LLC），要申請(qǐng)信貸就需要有相關(guān)許可證和企業(yè)證明文件。最重要的就是聯(lián)邦雇主身份識(shí)別號(hào)（Federal Employer Identification Number，即FEIN），還有營業(yè)執(zhí)照、銷售稅號(hào)（sales tax numbers）和法人身份證件號(hào)。

⊙I want to protect my personal credit line from liability.我不想用個(gè)人信貸借債。

⊙To cover operating costs, we'll have to take out a loan.為了支付營運(yùn)成本，我們不得不貸款。

⊙We've applied to set up as an LLC.

我們已經(jīng)申請(qǐng)成立一個(gè)有限責(zé)任公司。

⊙Do I need a business license?

我需要拿營業(yè)執(zhí)照嗎？

⊙What kinds of permits do I need to apply for?我都需要申請(qǐng)哪些許可證？

⊙We have registered with the appropriate places and already received our Federal Employer Identification Number.

我們已經(jīng)注冊(cè)了合適的地點(diǎn)并且已經(jīng)收到了我們的聯(lián)邦雇主識(shí)別號(hào)碼。

⊙Operating a business can be a big liability for personal credit.

經(jīng)營企業(yè)對(duì)個(gè)人信用構(gòu)成了很大的負(fù)擔(dān)。

⊙We need to research the different options available to us.我們需要調(diào)查各種可行性。

開賬戶

以企業(yè)的名義在一些聲譽(yù)良好的金融機(jī)構(gòu)開戶，通常會(huì)得到一個(gè)鄧氏編碼（Data Universal Numbering System ID number，即DUNS）。申請(qǐng)通常會(huì)在7天內(nèi)拿到。

⊙I'd like to open a bank account please.我想開一個(gè)賬戶。

⊙Which financial institution will you do your banking at?你在哪個(gè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)存錢？

⊙It will take about seven days from your application to get your DUNS.從申請(qǐng)到拿到你們的鄧氏編碼大約要7天時(shí)間。

貸款方

借貸方總是傾向于貸款給新的企業(yè)。在與借貸方洽談時(shí)，務(wù)必理解貸款條件和條款（terms and conditions）、利率和費(fèi)用（rates and fees）、是否是年付費(fèi)（annual charges）、是否提前還款，還有罰金（penalties）等。

⊙I found a list of potential lenders from an Internet search.我通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜尋到一個(gè)具備實(shí)力的借款方清單。

⊙We are willing to lend to relatively new corporations.我們?cè)敢赓J款給比較新的企業(yè)。

⊙What are the rates and fees?利息和費(fèi)用是多少？

⊙Are there annual charges?有年費(fèi)嗎？

⊙What kind of penalties are we subject to?我們涉及哪些罰金？

⊙Tell me more about the terms and conditions.多給我講一講有關(guān)條件和條款。

⊙Have we gotten the paperwork filled out yet?我們是否已經(jīng)填好了資料？

由小到大

通過小額的貸款建立自己的信譽(yù)（build your reputation），在未來的貸款中你將獲得更優(yōu)惠的費(fèi)率。即便是小額貸款也要準(zhǔn)時(shí)償還（repay the loans），將你的信用評(píng)級(jí)保持在70～80（優(yōu)秀），總有一天你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)看似無關(guān)緊要的小信譽(yù)積累到一定程度就會(huì)產(chǎn)生意想不到的效果。

A：Do we fall in the range of good credit?

B：Yeah, we're currently running a credit score of about 68. We can improve that over time. The better record we have of paying back our loans on time, the more our credit will grow.

A：我們進(jìn)入優(yōu)等信用了嗎？

B：是啊，我們現(xiàn)在的信用評(píng)分大概是68，我們以后還能改善。我們償還欠款的記錄越好，信用就增加越多。

⊙What is our corporate credit rating?我們的企業(yè)信用評(píng)級(jí)如何？

⊙How can we improve our credit rating?

我們?cè)趺床拍芴岣呶覀兊男庞迷u(píng)級(jí)？

總結(jié)

中國人有句老話叫“無債一身輕”。在現(xiàn)代商業(yè)世界中，反倒是適當(dāng)?shù)馁J款可以減輕企業(yè)資金壓力，并為發(fā)展提供動(dòng)力。在申請(qǐng)企業(yè)貸款時(shí)，要提供足夠的企業(yè)資質(zhì)證明，選擇實(shí)力較雄厚的金融機(jī)構(gòu)作為信貸方。無論貸款額大小，按時(shí)還貸永遠(yuǎn)是第一位的。在這個(gè)誠信第一的社會(huì)里，為小的利益喪失了信譽(yù)將寸步難行。反之，好的信譽(yù)無論在什么環(huán)境下都可能得到最多的資源幫助。

Words　單詞表

eligible有資格的

financial財(cái)政的，金融的，財(cái)務(wù)的

improve提高

liability責(zé)任，債務(wù)

license許可證，執(zhí)照

offer提供，報(bào)價(jià)

option選項(xiàng)

penalty罰金

permit允許，許可

protect保護(hù)，防護(hù)

register注冊(cè)，登記

service服務(wù)

stressful壓力重重的，緊張的

Phrases　短語表

be a liability for有責(zé)任

cover costs收回成本，平衡成本

credit limit信貸額度，信貸限額

credit rating信用評(píng)級(jí)

credit report信用調(diào)查報(bào)告

credit score信用積分，信譽(yù)記錄

establish credit建立信用

favorable term有利條件，優(yōu)惠條件

financial institution金融機(jī)構(gòu)

be just getting started剛剛起步，才開始

line of credit信貸額度

open an account開戶

operate a business經(jīng)營企業(yè)

operating cost運(yùn)營成本

personal credit個(gè)人信用，個(gè)人信貸

take out a loan獲得貸款，借貸

terms and conditions條款和條件

to begin with首先，第一

whether or not無論，不管

實(shí)景對(duì)話1

A：Excuse me, can you help to answer a few questions for me?I'd like to open a bank account. We've applied to set up as an LLC.What kinds of permits do I need to apply for?Do I need a business license?What does it take to open a bank account so I can start growing my corporate credit?

B：Have you received your FEIN for your business yet?

A：Yes. We have registered with the appropriate places and have already received our Federal Employer Identification Number.

B：Well, if you brought all the necessary paperwork, I can help you open an account now.

A：Great！How long will it take before we are able to get our Data Universal Numbering System ID number?Can we apply for a loan from your bank right away?

B：It will take about seven days from your application to get your DUNS. We are willing to lend to relatively new corporations. We can help you apply for a loan as soon as you receive your number.

A：Tell me more about the terms and conditions for borrowing as a new business. What are the rates and fees?Are there annual charges?What kind of penalties are we subject to?

B：We'll have to do a credit report on your company. If you wait just a moment, I can look it up for you.

A：What's our corporate credit rating now?Do we fall in the range of good credit?

B：You're currently running a credit score of about 68. You can improve that over time. The better record you have of paying back your loans on time, the more your credit will grow.

A：打擾你一下，你能否幫我解答幾個(gè)問題？我想開一個(gè)銀行賬戶，我們已經(jīng)申請(qǐng)了一個(gè)有限責(zé)任公司，我要申請(qǐng)賬戶的話需要哪些許可證？我要拿經(jīng)營執(zhí)照嗎?怎樣才能通過開銀行賬戶增加企業(yè)信用？

B：你有沒有收到給你企業(yè)的聯(lián)邦雇主識(shí)別號(hào)碼？

A：是的，我們已經(jīng)登記了合適的場(chǎng)所并已經(jīng)收到了我們的聯(lián)邦雇主識(shí)別號(hào)。

B：那好，如果你帶了所需資料，我現(xiàn)在可以幫你開一個(gè)賬戶。

A：好極了，我們需要多長時(shí)間拿到鄧氏編碼？我們立刻就能從銀行貸款嗎？

B：從申請(qǐng)到得到鄧氏編碼需要大約7天時(shí)間。我們很愿意貸款給較新的企業(yè)。

你一拿到號(hào)碼我們就幫你盡快貸到款。

A：請(qǐng)多給我講一講你們給新的企業(yè)貸款的條款和條件。利率和費(fèi)用是多少？

有年費(fèi)嗎？我們對(duì)應(yīng)的罰金有哪些？

B：我們必須先調(diào)查你的公司信譽(yù)。請(qǐng)稍等片刻，我可以幫你查看一下。

A：我們的企業(yè)信貸評(píng)級(jí)如何？我們進(jìn)入優(yōu)等信用了嗎？

B：你們目前的信貸評(píng)分大概是68分。你們以后能夠提高。你們償還貸款越準(zhǔn)時(shí)，你們的記錄就越好，信譽(yù)也會(huì)隨之增長。

實(shí)景對(duì)話2

A：I'm just getting started with my business, but the financial part of it is really stressful. Operating a business can be a big liability for personal credit.To cover operating costs, we'll have to take out a loan, but I want to protect my personal credit line from liability.

B：Not to worry. All you have to do is establish corporate credit, and then you can use your business to take out a loan.

A：Is that right?How easy is it to get a loan?

B：Usually it's not too difficult. But whether or not you get favorable terms will depend on your credit rating. The better your credit rating is, the better your options are and the easier it is to get a loan.

A：That makes sense. But how can we find out what our corporate credit rating is to begin with?And if it's low, then how can we improve it?

B：Those are very important questions to ask. You can usually find out what your credit score is quite easily by asking for a credit report. Often financialinstitutions will offer this as a free service.Which financial institution will you do your banking at?

A：I'm not sure. We need to research the different options available to us.I guess I will choose the one that gives us the best terms and conditions.

A：我的生意才剛剛起步，但在財(cái)力方面確實(shí)是壓力重重。經(jīng)營一個(gè)企業(yè)對(duì)我的個(gè)人信用構(gòu)成了很大的負(fù)擔(dān)。為了能夠支付運(yùn)營成本，我們不得不貸款，但是我不想用個(gè)人信貸借債。

B：別著急。你要做的只是設(shè)立一個(gè)企業(yè)信用，然后就可以用企業(yè)信用借貸。

A：那行嗎？容易貸到款嗎？

B：通常情況下不難。能否得到好的條件取決于你的信貸評(píng)級(jí)。信貸評(píng)級(jí)越好，選擇就越好，而且越容易貸到款。

A：這很有道理。開始的時(shí)候怎么才能找出我們企業(yè)信貸評(píng)級(jí)呢？如果評(píng)低了，怎么才能提高呢？

B：這些都是非常重要的問題。你可以通過申請(qǐng)一個(gè)信譽(yù)報(bào)告很方便地得到你們的信譽(yù)評(píng)分。通常金融機(jī)構(gòu)都免費(fèi)提供這樣的服務(wù)。你在哪些金融機(jī)構(gòu)存款？

A：我不肯定。我們需要調(diào)查各種可行性。我想我會(huì)挑一個(gè)給我們最優(yōu)厚條件和條款的機(jī)構(gòu)。