國(guó)家地理:用吐槽的方式談科學(xué)效果更好(5)

Late-night humor may be particularly effective at debunking scientific misconceptions because it avoids triggering the backlash that traditional science communication efforts can elicit. And late-night humor can spark science engagement as well. A national survey by researchers Lauren Feldman, Anthony Leiserowitz, and Edward Maibach found that watching satirical comedy programs went hand in hand with paying more attention to science stories. Furthermore, the researchers concluded that satirical shows had the biggest impact among the least educated viewers, thereby helping to narrow a gap in attention to science.

深夜幽默可能對(duì)于揭露科學(xué)上的錯(cuò)誤觀念方面特別有效，因?yàn)樗苊饬藗鹘y(tǒng)科學(xué)傳播可能引起的強(qiáng)烈反響。深夜秀也可以激發(fā)公眾對(duì)科學(xué)參與度。研究人員勞倫·費(fèi)爾德曼、安東尼·萊絲洛威茨和愛(ài)德華·梅巴克進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)全國(guó)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，觀看諷刺喜劇節(jié)目與更加關(guān)注科學(xué)故事可以同步發(fā)展。此外，研究人員得出的結(jié)論是，諷刺節(jié)目在文化程度最低的觀眾中影響最大，從而縮小了關(guān)注科學(xué)人群的差距。

Though late-night satirical humor can boost science interest and awareness, it has its limits. Science is complex, and conveying that complexity in a few minutes while cracking jokes can be a challenge.

盡管深夜諷刺幽默秀可以提高科學(xué)興趣和意識(shí)，但其自身有局限性。科學(xué)是復(fù)雜的，在開(kāi)玩笑的幾分鐘內(nèi)灌輸這種復(fù)雜性可能會(huì)是一個(gè)大挑戰(zhàn)。

At its best, late-night satire encourages viewers not only to follow science but also to think critically about it. An episode of Last Week Tonight made that point with a poke at how news outlets cover scientific studies. Host John Oliver warned against "thinking that science is à la carte and if you don't like one study, don't worry, another will be along soon." He ridiculed media coverage of science that oversimplifies and sensationalizes findings, misuses statistics, and cherry-picks results. And he parodied such presentations with his own brand of "TODD talks" -- for Trends, Observations, and Dangerous Drivel.

最好的情況是，深夜諷刺秀鼓勵(lì)觀眾不僅了解科學(xué)，還要學(xué)會(huì)思辨?！渡现芙褚剐恪分械囊患ㄟ^(guò)對(duì)新聞媒體報(bào)道科學(xué)研究的方式進(jìn)行抨擊，從而說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn)。主持人約翰·奧利弗警告稱，“把科學(xué)想作按菜單點(diǎn)菜，如果您不喜歡一項(xiàng)研究，請(qǐng)不要擔(dān)心，很快就會(huì)有另一項(xiàng)研究?！彼爸S媒體對(duì)科學(xué)的報(bào)道過(guò)分簡(jiǎn)化，同時(shí)夸大了研究結(jié)果、濫用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，并擇優(yōu)挑選結(jié)果。他還在自己的TODD演講（T代表潮流，O代表觀察評(píng)論，DD代表危險(xiǎn)的胡話）中模仿了這些報(bào)告。

The members of his audience may be laughing, but they seem to be learning as well.

他的觀眾可能一邊在笑，一邊也在學(xué)習(xí)。