VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：美國(guó)關(guān)稅加劇跟盟國(guó)發(fā)生貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)擔(dān)憂(yōu)

US Tariffs Raise Fears of Trade War with American Allies

美國(guó)關(guān)稅加劇跟盟國(guó)發(fā)生貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)擔(dān)憂(yōu)

The United States says it will require tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from Europe, Mexico and Canada.

美國(guó)表示將對(duì)從歐洲、墨西哥和加拿大進(jìn)口的鋼鐵和鋁材征收關(guān)稅。

U.S. officials announced the tariffs are a result of their failure to win trade concessions. Officials said the import taxes would take effect on Friday.

美國(guó)官員宣布這些關(guān)稅是因?yàn)樗麄兾茨塬@得貿(mào)易讓步的結(jié)果。有關(guān)官員表示，這些進(jìn)口關(guān)稅將于周五生效。

The announcement led to promises of action from major American allies, rising trade tensions and a drop in stock prices.

這一消息導(dǎo)致美國(guó)的主要盟國(guó)許諾要采取行動(dòng)，加劇了貿(mào)易緊張局勢(shì)，股價(jià)有所下跌。

President Donald Trump had announced the tariffs in March. Trump said they were needed to protect the United States from unfair competition. But he delayed the measure to give time for negotiations.

川普總統(tǒng)在三月宣布了這些關(guān)稅。川普聲稱(chēng)他們需要防止美國(guó)遭受不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。但是他推遲了這項(xiàng)措施以留下談判的時(shí)間。

The tariffs will be 25 percent on imported steel and 10 percent on aluminum.

對(duì)進(jìn)口鋼鐵的關(guān)稅將為25%，對(duì)鋁材的關(guān)稅將為10%。

Europe and Mexico reacted to the U.S. move with their own lists of tariffs on American products, raising fears of a trade war among allies.

歐洲和墨西哥提出了對(duì)美國(guó)產(chǎn)品的關(guān)稅清單，以此對(duì)美國(guó)的舉動(dòng)做出反應(yīng)。這引發(fā)了盟國(guó)之間發(fā)生貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。

Jean-Claude Juncker, the president of the European Commission, called the U.S. decision "protectionism, pure and simple."

歐盟委員會(huì)主席容克稱(chēng)美國(guó)的決定是“純粹和簡(jiǎn)單的貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義。”

Last March, the European Union prepared a list of possible tariffs on American goods, including orange juice, peanut butter, clothing, whiskey, boats and motorcycles.

3月，歐盟編制了對(duì)美國(guó)商品可能征收關(guān)稅的清單，其中包括橙汁、花生醬、服裝、威士忌、船舶和摩托車(chē)。

Mexico said it would tax a number of U.S. imports, including pork bellies, apples, grapes, cheeses and flat steel.

墨西哥表示，將對(duì)一些美國(guó)產(chǎn)品征收關(guān)稅，包括豬肚、蘋(píng)果、葡萄、奶酪和扁鋼。

In Canada, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau called the U.S. tariffs "totally unacceptable."

加拿大總理特魯多稱(chēng)美國(guó)的關(guān)稅“完全無(wú)法接受。”

Trudeau said Canada supplied "aluminum and steel to the U.S. defense industry, putting aluminum in American planes and steel in American tanks." He promised to add Canadian tariffs on a number of American goods.

特魯多表示，加拿大向美國(guó)的國(guó)防工業(yè)提供鋁和鋼，將鋁用于美國(guó)飛機(jī)，將鋼用于美國(guó)坦克上。他許諾要向一些美國(guó)產(chǎn)品征收關(guān)稅。

Brazil, Argentina and Australia have agreed to limit steel shipments to the U.S. to avoid tariffs. But import taxes remain on steel and aluminum imports from Japan.

巴西、阿根廷和澳大利亞已經(jīng)同意限制對(duì)美國(guó)鋼鐵出口以避免關(guān)稅。但是從日本的鋼鐵和鋁材仍然面臨著關(guān)稅。

U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross spoke to reporters on Thursday. He said that talks with Canada and Mexico over amending the North American Free Trade Agreement were "taking longer than we had hoped."

美國(guó)商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)羅斯周四對(duì)記者發(fā)表了講話(huà)。他說(shuō)，與加拿大和墨西哥就修改北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判“花費(fèi)的時(shí)間超過(guò)了我們的預(yù)期。”

Speaking from a meeting in Paris, Ross noted that talks with Europe had "made some progress," but not enough for the U.S. He said, "We continue to be quite willing and indeed eager to have further discussions."

羅斯在巴黎召開(kāi)的會(huì)議上指出，與歐洲的談判已經(jīng)取得了一些進(jìn)展，但是對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)還不夠。他說(shuō)：“我們一直非常愿意并且渴望進(jìn)一步討論。”

German Chancellor Angela Merkel expressed opposition to the rising trade tensions before the U.S. announcement. She said the tariffs were in violation of the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

德國(guó)總理默克爾在美國(guó)公布之前對(duì)貿(mào)易緊張局勢(shì)加劇表示了反對(duì)。她說(shuō)，這些關(guān)稅違反了世貿(mào)組織的規(guī)定。

After the U.S. action, the European Union announced plans to bring its case against the U.S. tariffs to the WTO on Friday.

在美國(guó)采取行動(dòng)之后，歐盟宣布計(jì)劃于周五在世貿(mào)組織對(duì)美國(guó)的關(guān)稅提出上訴。

French Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire criticized the tariffs. He said they "will only lead to the victory of those who want less growth, those who don't think we can develop our economies across the world."

法國(guó)財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)勒梅爾也批評(píng)這些關(guān)稅。他說(shuō)，這只會(huì)讓那些希望經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)縮水，那些認(rèn)為我們不能在世界各地發(fā)展我們經(jīng)濟(jì)的人獲勝。

Even some of Trump's supporters criticized the measures.

即使是川普的支持者也對(duì)此提出了批評(píng)。

U.S. Senator Orrin Hatch said, "Tariffs on steel and aluminum imports are a tax hike on Americans." He added that it would hurt both workers and businesses. Like Trump, Hatch is a member of the Republican Party.

美國(guó)參議員奧林·哈奇(Orrin Hatch)表示：“對(duì)鋼鐵和鋁材征收關(guān)稅是對(duì)美國(guó)人民加稅。”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，這會(huì)同時(shí)傷害到企業(yè)和員工。哈奇跟川普一樣是共和黨員。

The groups Freedom Partners Chamber of Commerce and Americans for Prosperity said the tariffs would hurt the nation's economy and low unemployment rates.

自由貿(mào)易伙伴商會(huì)以及美國(guó)繁榮委員會(huì)等組織表示，這些關(guān)稅將會(huì)損害美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和低失業(yè)率。

U.S. presidential spokesman Raj Shah told Fox News: "The president's actions are about protecting American steel, American aluminum. They're critical for national security."

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)發(fā)言人拉吉·沙赫(Raj Shah)對(duì)?？怂剐侣劚硎荆?ldquo;川普總統(tǒng)此舉是為了保護(hù)美國(guó)鋼鐵和鋁材，它們對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)家安全至關(guān)重要。”

I'm Jonathan Evans.

喬納森·埃文斯報(bào)道。