VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：聯(lián)合國(guó)對(duì)電子間諜發(fā)出警告(中文導(dǎo)讀)

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中文導(dǎo)讀：聯(lián)合國(guó)的一項(xiàng)報(bào)告警告世人，廣泛的電子間諜威脅人們隱私，間諜活動(dòng)經(jīng)常發(fā)生。由于政府有先進(jìn)的科技，國(guó)家間的間諜活動(dòng)越來越多。聯(lián)合國(guó)高級(jí)專員Navi Pillay稱，要保護(hù)人權(quán)，保護(hù)人們的隱私，限制間諜活動(dòng)。很多政府運(yùn)用私人公司來收集信息。國(guó)家對(duì)這些信息的運(yùn)用不僅關(guān)系到自己國(guó)家的國(guó)民，也關(guān)系到其他國(guó)家的國(guó)民。國(guó)家和各種公司都有責(zé)任保護(hù)好人們的隱私。聯(lián)合國(guó)還擔(dān)心，這些間諜活動(dòng)會(huì)以人們的種族和宗教為目的。
A new United Nations report warns that widespread electronic spying threatens people’s right to privacy. The report says this spying happens often instead ofrarely.

Navi Pillay is the U.N. High Commissioner for HumanRights. Her office wrote the report. She is calling forstronger limits on mass spying, to protect humanrights.

The report warns that digital spying is increasing andhappens in countries throughout the world. It says itmay be more common in countries where thegovernment has good technology. And it says manyplaces do not have enough limits on digital spying. Thatmeans such activities could be abused.

Ms. Pillay says states must show that they use theirdigital spying programs for acceptable legal orintelligence-gathering purposes. She says governmentofficials must show that these programs do notunlawfully gather information about people.

She tells VOA that countries must balance their needfor security with the need to protect people’s right toprivacy.

“I, of course, support the efforts made in the United States and other countries to safeguard all of us fromacts of terrorism. After all, states have an obligation toprotect all their citizens against the harm of terrorism. On the other hand, whatare the checks and balances? What kind of safeguards should be in place, and how should states be encouraged to update their laws, and so on, to keeppace with these developments?”

The report says many governments use private companies to help themgather intelligence digitally.

Ms. Pillay says she worries about the ways governments use information,both about their own citizens and citizens of other countries.

“Some governments have reportedly threatened to ban services oftelecommunications companies unless given direct access totelecommunication traffic. Others have tapped fiber optic cables forsurveillance purposes, or required companies systematically to disclose bulkinformation on customers and employees. Some have used communicationsurveillance to target political opposition or dissidents.”

Ms. Pillay warns that companies that provide information to a government inviolation of human rights law may be found guilty of abuse.

She says she believes it is important to protect people who tell about humanrights violations. She would not say if she believes American intelligencespecialist Edward Snowden should be pardoned.

Mr. Snowden made public the mass surveillance program operated by theNational Security Agency. But she says the information that Mr. Snowdenreleased aids the debate about secrecy. She says we should thank him for that.

She says Mr. Snowden performed a valuable service by telling the publicabout the issue. She also praised him for urging governments to acceptresponsibility for their actions.

The UN report also expresses concern about spying aimed at people orgroups based on their race, ethnicity or religion. It says such activities violateinternational human rights law.

This story was based on a VOA News report by Lisa Schlein in Geneva. It was written in Special English by Christopher Cruise, who also narrated thereport, and edited by Jeri Watson.