新編大學英語自主2 Unit 9

[00:00.00] Unit 9:Lesson One Sport and Games [00:05.36]Practice One If I Have Time on My Hands Words You Need to Know [00:13.07]adore pony canoe soak pursuit [00:35.14]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and answer the question on the tape. [00:43.45]The following is an interview from a weekly sports program. [00:47.45]Presenter:Good morning, listeners. Welcome to our weekly sports programme aimed at all those underactive youngsters with time on their hands! [00:56.27]Listen to what our two guests have to say about their own sporting pursuits and how sport made a difference to their lives. [01:03.76]Debbie first, then, Jonathan. [01:06.67]Debbie:I'm keen on doing something that gets you out into the countryside. [01:10.96]So I'm for horse-riding whenever I can! It's quite an expensive hobby, [01:16.54]though:you have to pay for the instruction and the hire of equipment-and there is quite a lot of that-but I think it's a great sport because you're out of doors and working with animals. [01:26.44]I used to be actually scared of horses until I took up riding; now I adore them! [01:32.56]When I've saved up enough money I'm determined to buy a pony of my own. [01:37.56]Another advantage of riding is that disabled people can enjoy it too. [01:42.74]It's great fun teaching them to ride; it makes you feel you're doing something really worthwhile. [01:49.30]It's made me more aware of other people's problems and now I don't worry about my own so much. [01:55.42]Presenter:Thank you, Debbie. Now Jonathan. [01:58.66]Jonathan:The trouble with riding is that you can injure yourself if you fail! [02:02.62]I don't fancy that at all ! I prefer canoeing because you've always got the water there for support. [02:10.10]If you're a good swimmer, have a good sense of balance and strong arms, you'll like canoeing! [02:16.58]The main trouble is transporting your canoe to the right places-my father takes it on the roof of the car-or sometimes I put it on the roof of the Club Land Rover. [02:27.71]What it's taught me most is to be independent, though. [02:32.24]It's just you and the canoe against the wind, the weather and the water. [02:37.64]It gives you a lot of self-confidence and it can get really exciting as long as you don't mind getting soaked, [02:44.41]of course! It makes you feel close to nature somehow. [02:48.59]I hope to run my own canoeing center when I'm qualified. (345 words) [02:53.34]What are the two sports events mentioned in this interview? [02:57.88]Exercise 2:Directions:Listen to the passage again and complete the following sentences. [03:06.62]Exercise 3:Directions:Listen to the passage for the third time and try to summarize the information in the following table. [03:17.86]Practice Two A Little History of Football [03:22.50]Words You Need to Know [03:24.37]association rugby [03:34.81]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and decide which choice is the best answer to each of the questions. [03:44.82]The game of football may have started in Roman times. [03:49.07]It seems that the Romans played a game very much like our modern rugby with a round ball. [03:55.80]English villagers played football in the 16th century and they often had almost a hundred players on each side. [04:04.12]It was a very common game, which was very rough and even dangerous until the early part of the 19th century. [04:12.00]In the 18th century a Frenchman who had watched a rough game of football in a village wrote: [04:18.62]"I could not believe that those men were playing a game. [04:22.84]If this is what Englishmen call playing, I would not like to see them fighting!" [04:28.81]It was then played in schools in England and soon spread all over Britain and Europe. [04:34.72]Until 1850, it was not possible to have football matches between one school and another, [04:41.09]because each school had different rules! So rules had to be made. [04:47.21]They were not improved until, in 1863, those who preferred to play with hands as well as feet formed the Rugby Union while the others started the Football Association(F.A.). [05:02.22]It was only in 1863 that the first set of rules for all football clubs was agreed upon. [05:09.46]Nearly 150 years later, football has become by far the most popular sport in the entire world. [05:17.63]Would that 18th century Frenchman have believed this possible? (230 words) [05:23.10]1)According to the passage, where may the game of football have first started? [05:30.34]2)What kind of ball was first used? [05:34.58]3)How many team members were often involved in the game when the English began to play the game? [05:42.04]4)Why was it not possible to have football matches between two schools until 1850? [05:49.60]5)In 1863, which organization was founded? [05:55.75]Exercise 2:Directions:Listen to the passage again and answer the following question. [06:04.79]What did the Frenchman say about the game, and what did he mean? [06:10.48]Practice Three You Can't Argue With It [06:14.83]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage, then tick ( ) the opinions on the list which correspond to what Mr Smith said. [06:25.85]The following is a conversation between Mr. Smith and Jack about professioal fottball. [06:33.26]Mr.Smith:Football isn't the same these days. Not like it used to be at all. [06:37.73]The big games, well, you know it yourself, most of 'em are just dull; [06:42.26]boring, no excitement at all. The season's too long as well. Too much of it:goes on nearly all the year. Who wants... [06:51.19]Jack:But don't you think... [06:52.24]Smith:Well, it does. You can't argue with it. And it's violent too.Really violent. [06:58.36]Players got hurt in the old days, too. I know, but that was an accident, [07:02.93]an accident in a tough men's game, but these days it's no accident. It's violent, just vio... [07:10.56]Jack:Have you thought about...? [07:11.82]Smith:Just a minute. Let me finish, will you! I was just about to say that teams don't try to win. [07:18.66]They're not interested in winning. They just make sure they don't lose, that's all. [07:23.77]So you've got to admit... [07:25.61]Jack:And you've got to admit one thing too, and that is, professional football's good for television. [07:31.01]Plenty of games, a bit o' violence, keep television viewers amused for hours and hours... (181 words) [07:36.88]Exercise 2 Directions:Listen to the passage again and decide which choice is the best answer to cach of the questions. [07:47.42]1)What can you infer about the game in the past? [07:52.18]2)According to the passage,how long does a football season last? [07:58.15]3)According to the passage,what is the explanation for people getting hurt in the past? [08:05.57]4)Which of the following is mentioned as a reason for football's popularity on television? [08:12.98]Practice Four It Was on the Lucky Side [08:17.12]Words You Need to Know [08:18.92]spectacular score confess marker [08:35.84]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and answer the following question. [08:43.76]Well, Frank, I think it was the most spectacular one I've scored this season. [08:48.66]But I have to confess it was a bit of an accident really, very lucky it was. [08:52.98]I mean Mike O'Neil centered from the right, and Tommy Jones got clear of his marker for a second, [08:59.24]but then Tommy slipped, you see, he slipped, and as he slipped the ball hit him on the knee and went in the air, [09:05.80]and I saw it coming towards me, and I don't mind telling you, I closed my eyes and threw myself at it, [09:11.77]and the next thing I knew it hit me on the head and there it was in the back of the net. [09:17.35]So it was a little bit on the lucky side, you might say... (132 words) [09:24.66]What is the main idea of the tell? [09:27.47]Exercise 2:Directions:Listen to the passage again and complete the following sentences. [09:35.53]Lesson Two Food and Health [09:39.53]Practice One Fast Food Words You Need to Know [09:45.65]Bachelor of Hamburgerology fancy hang round [10:04.48]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and answer the following questions briefly. [10:13.69]In the past ten years or so, America's most popular export to Britain has been THE HAMBURGER. [10:21.76]One very well-known American company, which has restaurants all over the world, [10:26.90]even has its own "university". Here, if you fancy becoming an expert in the subject, [10:33.49]you can take a ten-day course leading to the "degree", Bachelor of Hamburgerology. [10:40.15]If you get really interested in the subject, you can even go on to do your Master's degree-but that takes longer! [10:47.75]Hamburgers are, of course, fast food:They don't take long to cook and they take even less time to eat. [10:54.66]Next time you are in one of those fast-food restaurants, look around. [10:59.52]You'll notice that they aren't usually very comfortable (they don't want to encourage you to hang around for too long). [11:06.25]And they are normally decorated in bright colours because psychological tests are supposed to show that this makes people hungrier. [11:14.39]Keen students of English should read the menus in these places. [11:18.38]If you think you could do with improving your vocabulary, especially adjectives, study them with care. (178 words) [11:25.08]1)What is America's most popular export to Britain in the past ten years? [11:31.96]2)How long does it take to get a bachelor's degree of hamburgerology? [11:37.93]3)Why are the fast-food restaurants usually not so comfortable? [11:44.30]4)Why are the fast-food restaurants decorated in bright colors? [11:49.99]5)How can a student of English especially benefit from visiting the fast-food restaurants? [11:57.95]Exercise 2:Directions:Listen to the passage again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F), then correct them where necessary. [12:12.35]1)One can get his bachelor's degree of hamburgerology from Cambridge University. [12:19.55]2)A ten-day course can lead one to the "degree", Master of Hamburgerology. [12:27.14]3)Hamburgers, like all other fast-food, take less time to eat and cook than a dinner. [12:36.14]4)The concept of fast-food restaurants centers on the time it takes to make and eat the food. [12:44.50]Practice Two Think Before You Drink [12:48.67]Words You Need to Know [12:50.47]breathalyse crystal prosecute conviction [13:08.98]disqualify fine eccentric [13:21.79]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and decide which is the best answer to each of the questions. [13:31.94]A lot of countries now have very strict laws about drinking and driving. [13:37.60]In Britain, for example, the legal limit for alcohol in the bloodstream when driving is 80mg of alcohol per 100ml of blood. [13:49.73]In other words, if you drink more than about two pints of beer, you shouldn't be driving. [13:56.64]Of course, the effect of the same amount of alcohol on people of different ages and weights varies quite a lot. [14:04.24]And if you drink on an empty stomach, the effect will be much quicker because the alcohol is more easily absorbed into the bloodstream. [14:12.95]If you are stopped by the police and suspected of being drunk, they will breathalyse you. [14:19.25]This involves your blowing into a bag containing clear crystals. [14:24.76]If the crystals turn green, this shows roughly that you could be over the limit and you will be asked to go to the police station for a further test. [14:35.74]If the second test proves positive, you will be prosecuted. [14:40.81]On conviction, disqualification from driving for a year is normally automatic, together with a fine of up to 400 and/or imprisonment for up to two years. [14:54.53]The two-pints-of-beer limit is well-known, but people often forget the alcoholic content of other drinks. [15:02.95]Visitors to Britain are often confused by our eccentric way of measuring drinks. [15:09.50]What do you whink is the alcoholic content of the following drinks-a large glass of scotch, [15:16.24]two glasses of sherry, two glasses of wine and two thirds of a pint of cider? They have the same amount as a pint of beer. (257 words) [15:29.48]1)What is the main topic of the passage? [15:33.84]2)If one is suspected of drunk driving, what will the policemen do first? [15:40.32]3)What color of the crystals in the bag can indicate you are over the legal limit? [15:47.45]4)What are visitors to Britain always confused by? [15:52.92]Exercise 2:Directions:Listen to the passage again and answer the following questions briefly. [16:01.42]Part of the answers are printed out for you. [16:04.37]1)What is the legal limit for alcohol in the bloodstream? [16:09.34]2)Why is it dangerous for you to drink on an empty stomach? [16:14.45]3)What is a common punishment for drunk driving? [16:19.24]4)Is two glasses of wine still within the legal limit? [16:25.03]Practice Three Vitamins [16:28.45]Words You Need to Know [16:30.25]vitamin digest green pepper poultry [16:47.53]spinach yolk reproduction yogurt [17:04.16]scrape clot citrus [17:17.41]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. [17:27.28]Vitamin A:Vitamin A comes from green and yellow vegetables. It is also in milk and egg yolks. [17:36.89]Vitamin A is necessary for night vision, seeing in the dark. [17:42.00]Vitamin B1:Vitamin B1 comes from fish, brown rice, and poultry. [17:49.45]It is also in most meats and nuts. The job of vitamin B1 is to build the blood and help the body digest food. [17:58.81]Vitamin C:Vitamin C comes from citrus fruits such as oranges and grapefruit and other fruits such as strawberries. [18:10.01]It is also in green peppers. Vitamin C is important in building bones and teeth, [18:17.21]and some people say it helps to prevent colds. [18:20.92]Vitamin D:Vitamin D comes from egg yolks. In the United States the dairy industry also adds it to milk. [18:31.39]People also get vitamin D from sunlight. Vitamin D is important for building strong bones. [18:39.89]Vitamin E:Vitamin E comes from dark green vegetables such as spinach. [18:46.80]It is also found in eggs and liver. Vitamin E is important in reproduction and muscle development. [18:55.84]Vitamin K:Vitamin K comes from green leafy vegetables and yogurt. Its job is to help the blood to clot. [19:07.28]Without Vitamin K, cuts and scrapes keep bleeding. Vitamin K helps the cut to close. [19:15.17]It keeps the body from losing too much blood. (215 words) [19:18.66]1)If you can't see clearly in the evening, which of the following is most likely to help you? [19:26.76]2)If someone often gets colds, which of the following should be chosen as a helpful food? [19:34.79]3)What can those people get who go sunbathing frequently? [19:41.23]4)Which of the following is an especially good suggestion for a couple who wishes to have a child? [19:48.97]5)Which of the following diet habits can help bleeding stop quickly if you get a cut in your finger? [19:58.66]Exercise 2:Directions:Listen to the passage again and supply the missing information for the following table. [20:09.35]Practice Four A Doctor's Advice [20:13.49]Words You Need to Know [20:15.58]sauce margarine ketchup [20:27.74]chip crisp [20:35.16]Exercise 1:Directions:Listen to the passage and try to find out what is most emphasized in the doctor's suggestions, then try to complete the following three sentences. [20:50.39]The following talk takes place in a doctor's office. [20:54.17]Doctor:Well, Mr Jones, you're going to have to change your diet quite considerably. [20:59.57]In particular, you're going to have to avoid all those fast foods you've been eating, like hamburgers, [21:06.08]fish and chips, take away chicken and so on... And you're going to have to try not to eat too much bread. [21:14.15]But if you do eat bread, you must have it with unsalted butter and definitely no margarine... [21:21.85]No sauce I'm afraid. None of this tomato ketchup and HP sauce-absolutely forbidden. [21:28.69]And you can eat some fish-but not canned fish. Er... as much meat as you like, [21:35.60]but it mustn't be any of the prepared meats, as I mentioned before, like hamburgers or sausages-definitely not. [21:43.02]Fresh fruit and vegetables are very good, but if you cook them, don't put any salt in the water you use. [21:49.54]Now, there's no harm in eating potatoes, chips or however you like them, but don't buy packets of potato crisps, will you , [21:58.18]Most important of all is not to put any salt on any of your food. [22:03.40]In fact, you must throw out all the salt in the house and don't even have a salt pot on the dinner table... [22:10.31]If you follow this advice, I do assure you, you should start to feel better within two or three weeks. (220 words) [22:17.04]Exercise 2:Directions:If you are going to prepare a meal for Mr Jones, what can you choose from the following list? [22:27.12]You will use ( ) to indicate "Yes", ( ) to indicate "No", and (?) to indicate "Sometimes". [22:37.09]Quiz Three [22:39.22]Part A:Directions:In this part you will hear eight short conversations between two speakers. [22:48.00]At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what was said. [22:53.33]Listen carefully and decide which of the four choices is the best answer to the question you have heard. [23:00.24]1.W:When does the next train leave? [23:03.84]M:You've just missed one by 15 minutes. Trains leave every thirty-five minutes. [23:09.42]Q:How long will the woman have to wait for the next train? [23:14.32]2.M:What do you often do on Saturdays, Mary? [23:18.64]W:I usually go to the park and work in the garden in the morning, read books in the afternoon and watch TV in the evening. How about you? [23:27.82]Q:What does Mary usually do on Saturday afternoon? [23:32.75]3.W:Will you take biology next semester? [23:37.46]M:I've had enough science courses. [23:40.06]Q:What does the man mean? [23:43.22]4.M:I am going to the zoo to make some sketches of elephants today. [23:49.02]W:May I go with you? I have the same assignment. [23:53.27]Q:What are both speakers? [23:56.87]5.M:Shouldn't we invite more people to the dance? [24:01.33]W:The more the merrier. [24:03.38]Q:What does the woman mean? [24:06.70]6.W:This bus is so crowded that I can barely breathe. [24:13.64]M:Have patience. The bus empties out quite a bit at the next stop. [24:18.61]Q:What does the man say about the bus? [24:22.79]7.M:Selling many cars these days, Helen? [24:26.50]W:Oh, yeah. We're pretty busy. We've got a big sale on at the moment. [24:31.25]We've got some great deals on Toyotas. Hey! Isn't it time you sold that old think you're driving? [24:38.56]Q:What does the woman mean? [24:41.87]8.W:How do you feel about the story? [24:46.37]M:This is not just a sad-but-true story. The boy's experience is horrible and damaging, [24:52.70]yet a sense of love shines through every word. [24:56.63]Q:How does the man feel about the story? [25:00.91]Part B:Directions:In this part you will hear four short statements. [25:08.62]Each statement will be read just once. [25:11.71]Listen carefully and decide which of the four choices is the closest in meaning to the statement you heard. [25:19.06]9.Sixteen guests came, but half left early. [25:24.53]10.I'm supposed to turn left at the corner, right? [25:30.32]11.What a long bus ride this is! [25:35.36]12.Mary's baby never smiles at anyone other than Mary. [25:41.38]Part C:Directions:In this part you will hear three short passages. Each passage will be read twice. [25:51.64]After each passage you should pause the recorder and try to write down its main points in your own words. [25:59.34]Mrs. Jones was very fond of singing. She had a good voice, except that some of her high notes tended to sound like a gate which someone had forgotten to oil. [26:11.51]Mrs. Jones was very conscious of this weakness, and took every opportunity she could find to practice these high notes. [26:21.23]Chemists have been studying why people cry. They say the body produces two kinds of tears. [26:29.11]One kind cleans out the eye if it gets dirt in it. But when people cry because of their feelings, [26:37.03]these tears have poisonous chemicals in them. The body is getting rid of chemicals produced by strong feelings. [26:46.25]There have been many great inventions, things that changed the way we live. [26:51.29]The first great invention was one that is still very important today-the wheel. [26:57.37]This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distances. [27:03.53]Part D:Directions:In this part you will hear two passages. Each passage will be read twice. [27:14.00]At the end of each passage you will hear some questions. After you hear a question, [27:20.95]you should either decide which of the four choices is the best answer to the question you heard, [27:26.75]or answer the question in your own words according to the passage. [27:31.50]The questions you should answer are also printed in your book, but you should read them only after you hear them from the tape. [27:40.43]W:Why don't we go abroad for a change? Where I'd like to go is France, Spain, or Italy even. [27:48.42]M:Mm. I'm not all that keen really. I'd rather stay at home. [27:52.78]W:Oh, come on, Steve. Think of the sun! [27:56.20]M:Yes, but think of the cost! Going abroad is very expensive. [28:01.09]W:Oh, it isn't, Steve. Not these days. [28:03.54]M:Of course it is, Juliet. The best thing about having a holiday here in Britain is that it's cheaper. [28:10.49]And another thing, the traveling would be easier. No boats, planes or anything. [28:15.89]W:Even so, we've been to most of the interesting places in Britain already. [28:21.68]What's the point in seeing them again? Anyway, we can travel round Britain whenever we like. [28:27.84]There's no point in wasting our summer holiday here. [28:31.04]M:Mm, I suppose you're right. Nevertheless, what I can't stand is all the bother with foreign currency, [28:38.10]changing money and all that when we go abroad.I hate all that.And it's so confusing. [28:44.11]W:Oh, don't be silly, Steve. [28:46.24]M:And what's more, I can't speak any of the languages-you know that. It's all right for you. [28:52.43]You can speak foreign languages. [28:54.48]W:Exactly. You see, what I'd really like to do is practice my French and Spanish. [29:00.89]It would help me a lot at work. [29:02.76]M:Mm, but that's no use to me. [29:05.14]W:But just think of the new places we'd see, the people we'd meet! [29:09.56]M:But look, if we stayed here, we wouldn't have to plan very much. [29:13.88]W:I'm sorry, Steve. No. I just don't fancy another cold English summer. (272 words) [29:20.90]Q13.What is the most important reason that the man is against traveling abroad? [29:28.75]Q14.What can we learn from the woman speaker? [29:35.27]Q15.What will they have to do if they go abroad according to the man? [29:42.04]Q16.What holiday are the speakers planning for? [29:47.54]Good health is not something you are able to buy at the drugstore, [29:52.15]and you can't depend on getting it back with a quick visit to the doctor when you're sick, either. [29:58.60]Making your body last without major problems has to be your own responsibility. [30:04.72]Mistreating your system by keeping bad habits, neglecting symptoms of illness, [30:10.91]and ignoring common health rules can reduce the best medical care. [30:17.46]Nowadays, health specialists promote the idea of wellness for everybody. [30:23.54]Wellness means achieving the best possible health within the limits of your body. [30:29.52]Some people might prefer a lot of easier exercise to more strenuous exercise. [30:36.50]While one person enjoys playing seventy-two holes of golf a week, another would rather play three sweaty, [30:43.96]competitive games of tennis. [30:46.55]Understanding the needs of your own body is the key. Everyone runs the risk of accidents, [30:53.60]and no one can be sure of avoiding disease. Nevertheless, poor diet, stress, a bad working environment, [31:04.04]and carelessness can ruin good health. By changing your habits or the conditions surrounding you, [31:11.57]you can lower the risk or reduce the damage of disease. (183 words) [31:16.39]Q17.What does the speaker imply about good health? [31:21.94]Q18.How can one achieve his wellness? [31:27.44]Q19.What can't people avoid completely according to the passage? [31:34.75]Q20.What can people do(list at least two things) to maintain or improve their health according to the passage?

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