每日一詞∣農(nóng)村土地制度改革 reform of rural land system

中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平近日對(duì)新時(shí)代推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地制度改革、做好農(nóng)村承包地管理工作作出重要指示強(qiáng)調(diào)，開展農(nóng)村承包地確權(quán)登記頒證工作，確定了對(duì)土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)的物權(quán)保護(hù)，鞏固和完善了農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度。新時(shí)代推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地制度改革，要堅(jiān)持把依法維護(hù)農(nóng)民權(quán)益作為出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)。

President Xi Jinping has underlined the importance of making efforts to deepen the reform of the rural land system in the new era, prioritizing the protection of farmers' rights and interests. Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, said in an important instruction that work to confirm, register and certify rural contracted land rights will ensure the protection of land contract and management rights, and will consolidate and improve the basic rural management system.

10月14日，江蘇省如東縣鹽堿地水稻試驗(yàn)田獲得豐收。(圖片來源：中國日?qǐng)?bào))

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

農(nóng)，天下之大業(yè)也。新時(shí)代推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地制度改革、做好農(nóng)村承包地管理工作，進(jìn)一步鞏固和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，保障農(nóng)民的土地承包權(quán)益，是安民固本之舉，意義重大，影響深遠(yuǎn)。

土地承包關(guān)系是農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的集中體現(xiàn)，需要適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的要求不斷鞏固完善。改革開放初期，我國實(shí)行家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制，成功解決了億萬農(nóng)民的溫飽問題。隨著工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展和農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力大量轉(zhuǎn)移，農(nóng)業(yè)物質(zhì)裝備水平大幅提升，農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營規(guī)模擴(kuò)大成為可能。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)第二輪土地承包到期后再延長30年工作，保持農(nóng)村土地承包關(guān)系穩(wěn)定并長久不變，有利于推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地資源優(yōu)化配置，有利于激活主體、激活要素、激活市場，為實(shí)現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村振興提供更加有力的制度保障。

黨的十九大報(bào)告提出實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，這是新時(shí)代做好“三農(nóng)”工作的總抓手。在鄉(xiāng)村振興的舞臺(tái)上，億萬農(nóng)民是最閃亮的“主角”。開展農(nóng)村承包地確權(quán)登記頒證工作，確定了對(duì)土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)的物權(quán)保護(hù)，這一鞏固和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度的重要舉措，以維護(hù)農(nóng)民根本利益為出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，尊重和順應(yīng)了農(nóng)民的愿望，讓農(nóng)民吃上長效“定心丸”，必定能夠充分調(diào)動(dòng)廣大農(nóng)民投身鄉(xiāng)村振興的積極性、主動(dòng)性和創(chuàng)造性，喚醒主體意識(shí)，激發(fā)內(nèi)生動(dòng)力，今后更有干頭、有盼頭、有奔頭。

【重要講話】

堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村土地農(nóng)民集體所有制不動(dòng)搖，堅(jiān)持家庭承包經(jīng)營基礎(chǔ)性地位不動(dòng)搖。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)第二輪土地承包到期后再延長30年工作，保持農(nóng)村土地承包關(guān)系穩(wěn)定并長久不變。

We need to unwaveringly uphold farmers' collective ownership of rural land while continuing the fundamental practice of rural families exercising their right to contract and manage land in rural areas. It is important to ensure rural land contracting practices remain stable and unchanged on a long-term basis and adopt concrete steps to extend the current round of contracts for another 30 years when they expire.

——2020年11月2日，習(xí)近平對(duì)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地制度改革、做好農(nóng)村承包地管理工作作出重要指示

豐富集體所有權(quán)、農(nóng)戶承包權(quán)、土地經(jīng)營權(quán)的有效實(shí)現(xiàn)形式，促進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地資源優(yōu)化配置，積極培育新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體，發(fā)展壯大農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)組織，鼓勵(lì)和支持廣大小農(nóng)戶走同現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)相結(jié)合的發(fā)展之路，不斷為促進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村全面振興、實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化創(chuàng)造有利條件。

Measures should be taken to enrich the forms of implementation of collective ownership, contracting rights and management rights to promote the optimized allocation of rural land. It is important to adopt proactive steps to cultivate new types of agribusiness, develop specialized agricultural service providers and encourage and support small household farmers to become involved with modern agriculture in order to create an environment enabling rural vitalization and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

——2020年11月2日，習(xí)近平對(duì)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村土地制度改革、做好農(nóng)村承包地管理工作作出重要指示

【相關(guān)詞匯】

農(nóng)村承包地確權(quán)

affirmation of rights to contract rural lands

家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制

household contract responsibility system

extend the second round of land contracts for another 30 years

第二輪土地承包到期后再延長30年