北京清理“兩棲干部”

The Beijing local government is taking measures to clean up the so-called amphibious officials, retired or serving officials who hold posts in social organizations and make money by taking advantage of their current or previous official status and connections with government departments.

北京當地政府正在采取措施清理“兩棲干部”，即在社團兼職、利用自己當前或者之前的職位以及跟政府部門的關系謀取利益的離退休或者在職官員。

Amphibious一詞指“水陸兩棲的”，多用來形容在陸地和水里都能存活的動物，這里的amphibious officials借用這里的“兩棲”概念，指既在政府部門任職，又在社會企業(yè)或團體中兼任職務的官員。退休官員兼任社會職務可以為其提供政府資源(governmental resources)，而在任官員兼任社會團體職務很容易就會滋生權力尋租(rent-seeking)和腐敗問題。

北京市新近出臺的文件規(guī)定，離退休干部在社團兼職情況須本人每年書面報告(retired governmental officials have to submit written annual reports about any positions they hold in social organizations)，同時兼職不得領取任何津貼報酬(they are forbidden to take any payment or allowance from the organizations)。針對在職干部(serving government officials)，北京明確除特殊情況須審批之外，副處級及以上領導干部應主動辭去兼任的社團領導職務(resign their posts in social organizations unless they have approval from their superiors)。