生活英語對話 Episode 26: Planning a menu
本單元是關(guān)于計劃菜譜的對話
Michal: Alice was only helping me!
Helen: I'm sorry Michal, I didn't mean to fly off the handle. What's wrong?
Michal: I was just telling Alice I wanted to eat better but that I didn't know how to cook any of my favourite dishes.
Helen: Mm, let's think about this. I know! Chinese New Year is coming up soon. Why don't we make a special Polish-Chinese dinner together! We'll both do research, find typical recipes, buy all the ingredients?
Michal: And cook a meal together! You do the main course, and I'll make the pudding!
Helen: Sounds like a perfect second date, don't you think?
Vocabulary :
to fly off the handle (v, informal): to be very angry 發(fā)脾氣
a pudding (n): a dessert or a sweet 布丁(西餐中的一種甜點心)
本單元的語言點是間接引語，間接引語是當(dāng)我們告訴別人我們或他人說過什么的時候，我們可以用直接引語或間接引語來表述。
Reported speech 間接引語
When we want to tell someone else what we or someone else has said we can use either direct or reported (or indirect speech). 當(dāng)我們告訴別人我們或他人說過什么的時候，我們可以用直接引語或間接引語來表述。
In Episode 25 Michal said to Alice "I don't know how to cook" using direct speech.
But in today's episode he said to Helen "I was just telling Alice I didn't know how to cook" using reported speech.
The reporting verb 引語動詞
In reported speech, the first verb is usually in the past tense (在間接敘述中，第一個動詞通常是過去時)for example:
He said that he was trying to give up fast food.
He told Alice he missed his mum's cooking.
He explained to Helen that he wanted to eat better.
However, if the reporting verb is in the present tense, it isn't changed in reported speech 然而，如果引語動詞是現(xiàn)在時，那么它在間接引語中不會改變) .
Michal says "I want to make pudding."
He says he wants to make pudding.
Modal verbs 情態(tài)動詞
Some model verbs change in reported speech (有些情態(tài)動詞在間接引語中要發(fā)生變化):
Direct speech Reported Speech
can could
will would
must had to
While some others don't (有些則不發(fā)生變化):
Direct speech Reported speech
would would
should should
could could
must must
might might
That
You can leave out that in reported speech:
Michal said that he was trying to give up fast food.
Michal said he was trying to give up fast food.
He told Alice that he missed his mum's cooking.
He told Alice missed his mum's cooking
Pronouns
Pronouns can change in reported speech depending on who the reported speech is directed to (直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，須在代詞人稱方面作一些必要的調(diào)整)。 For example:
Michal said "I want to give up fast food" changes to:
"He said he wanted to give up fast food" when Alice is telling Helen what Michal said.
Alice (talking to Michal) said "I'll make you a cup of tea" changes to:
"She said she would make me a cup of tea" when Michal tells Helen what Alice said.
But pronouns don't always change (但代詞人稱不一定總是會變)。 For example:
Tim said "We're going to the pub later" talking to Michal (about Michal, Alice and Helen), changes to:
"He said we were going to the pub later" when Michal tells Helen what Tim said.
